1 "Leaves on mature plants simple (phyllodes)" Acacia 1 "Leaves on mature plants bipinnate" 2 2 "Leaflets alternate" 3 2 "Leaflets opposite" 4 3 "Leaf axis lacking glands; leaflets 7-24 mm wide, tertiary venation not raised; flowers evenly distributed along elongated rachis; seeds red and black, or entirely red" Adenanthera 3 "Leaf axis with 1 or 2 glands; leaflets (18-)24-37 mm wide, tertiary venation raised; flowers clustered at end of rachis, pseudo-umbellate; seeds brown to black" Pararchidendron 4 "Branchlets with axillary spines, prickles or spinescent lateral shoots" 5 4 "Branchlets without spines or prickles" 9 5 "Branchlets with scattered prickles, up to 5mm long, often curved" 6 5 "Branchlets with straight axillary spines, 4-35 mm long, or with spinescent lateral shoots" 7 6 "Petioles without glands; stamens bright pink" Mimosa 6 "Petioles with a prominent sessile gland; stamens white or yellow" Senegalia 7 "Leaf rachis with a stalked gland (0.5-1.4 mm long) between each pair of pinnae; flower spike with bisexual flowers (apical part) and neuter flowers (basal part)" Dichrostachys 7 "Leaf rachis without glands or with glands < 0.3 mm long; all flowers bisexual" 8 8 "Flowers in cylindrical spikes; stamens 10; pod indehiscent" Prosopis 8 "Flowers in globose heads; stamens many; pod dehiscent" Vachellia 9 "Leaflets with a midvein plus a second longitudinal vein extending for most of the leaflet length" Calliandra 9 "Leaflets with a midvein only" 10 10 "Largest leaflets more than 11 mm wide" 11 10 "Largest leaflets less than 11 mm wide" 16 11 "Leaf axes without glands; vines, tendrils often present; pods 10-15 cm wide" Entada 11 "Leaf axes with at least one gland; shrubs or trees, tendrils absent; pods 1-6 cm wide" 12 12 "Pods indehiscent or breaking into indehiscent 1-seeded segments" 13 12 "Pods dehiscent" 14 13 "Leaflets densely hairy on underside; leaves with 3-6 pairs of pinnae" Samanea 13 "Leaflets glabrous or with a few scattered hairs; leaves with 1-2 pairs of pinnae" Cathormion 14 "Pods curved or coiled, thick-walled, often brightly coloured" Archidendron 14 "Pods straight, thin-walled, stramineous or brown" 15 15 "Petiolules 4-7 mm long; seeds with a narrow annular wing (Heliodendron xanthoxylon)" Heliodendron 15 "Petiolules 1-2.5 mm long; seeds without any wing" Albizia 16 "Stipules 2.5-12 mm long, mostly persistent for many nodes (but occasionally only on new growth)" 17 16 "Stipules absent or <2.5 mm long" 18 17 "Stipules ovate to broadly ovate; pods circular to elliptical or falcate, 7-41 mm long" Neptunia 17 "Stipules linear; pods linear, 50-100 mm long" Desmanthus 18 "Leaves with 1(-2) pair(s) of pinnae; seeds with a narrow annular wing" Heliodendron 18 "Leaves with (2-)3-22 pairs of pinnae; seeds without a wing" 19 19 "Leaf axes and petioles without glands" Acaciella 19 "Leaf axes and/or petioles with glands" 20 20 "Inflorescence a dense panicle of short ovoid spikes; petals connate for most of their length" Falcataria 20 "Inflorescence of globose heads (or long cylindrical spikes), either solitary or in an open panicle; petals free" 21 21 "Stamens 10; anthers with sparse hairs" Leucaena 21 "Stamens many more than 10; anthers glabrous" 22 22 "Inflorescence solitary or a short raceme < 5mm long; peduncle with a whorl of bracts part-way along its length" Vachellia 22 "Inflorescence an elongated raceme or open panicle; peduncle lacking bracts" Acacia