1 "Annuals or perennial subshrubs with woody rootstocks and soft-wooded stems" 2 1 "Trees, woody shrubs or lianes" 4 2 "Petals free; stamens 5, equal; anthers gland-tipped; style surrounded above ovary by membranous cup" "Macgregoria {Macgregoria racemigera}" 2 "Petals fused in middle into tube; stamens 3 long, 2 short; anthers not gland-tipped; style not surrounded by membranous cup" 3 3 "Style inserted between cocci in fruit; coccus attachment short, triangular" Stackhousia 3 "Style terminal in fruit; cocci attached to column by long narrow inner edge" Tripterococcus 4 "Leaves and branchlets with conspicuous indumentum" "Hexaspora {Hexaspora pubescens}" 4 "Leaves and branchlets glabrous or nearly so" 5 5 "Fruit a capsule" 6 5 "Fruit indehiscent" 18 6 "Leaves alternate" 7 6 "Leaves opposite, subopposite or absent" 15 7 "Ovary 4- or 5-locular" 8 7 "Ovary 1-3-locular" 10 8 "Stamens inserted on margin of a cupular disc; aril attached to base of seed" Denhamia 8 "Stamens inserted beneath margin of a fleshy disc in sinuses; aril attached lengthwise to one side of seed or covering seed" 9 9 "Inflorescence a raceme; petals 3-5 mm long; aril white, pubescent, attached on one side of seed, with a hinge- or worm-like appearance" "Hedraianthera {Hedraianthera porphyropetala}" 9 "Inflorescence a cymose panicle; petals 2-2.5 mm long; aril orange-red, glabrous, covering seed except for a small opening on one side near apex" "Brassiantha {Brassiantha hedraiantheroides}" 10 "Leaves distichous on lateral branches" Hypsophila 10 "Leaves not distichous" 11 11 "Dioecious scandent shrubs; staminodes of female flowers similar to stamens of males but smaller" Celastrus 11 "Trees or erect shrubs with mostly bisexual flowers" 12 12 "Ovary imperfectly, rarely perfectly, 2- or 3-locular with 3-10, rarely 2, ovules per locule; septa mostly not touching axially in fruit; valves of capsule usually woody" Denhamia 12 "Ovary perfectly 2- or 3-locular with 2 ovules per locule; septa connate or touching axially in fruit; valves of capsule crustaceous" 13 13 "Flowers solitary" Apatophyllum 13 "Inflorescence usually few- to many-flowered" 14 14 "Flowers in axillary or lateral racemes with the axis sometimes growing out into leafy branches, or in fascicles, sometimes solitary" Denhamia 14 "Flowers in single or fascicled axillary cymes, or crowded near ends of short, spinescent shoots" "Gymnosporia {Gymnosporia inermis}" 15 "Apparently leafless shrubs" Psammomoya 15 "Trees, shrubs or lianes with leaves" 16 16 "Liane; stamens (2)3(4)" "Hippocratea {Hippocratea barbata}" 16 "Trees or shrubs; stamens 4-5" 17 17 "Seeds winged, flat; aril absent; petals often with small appendages inside" "Lophopetalum {Lophopetalum arnhemicum}" 17 "Seeds not winged or flat; aril present; petals not appendaged" Euonymus 18 "Leaves opposite or subopposite" 19 18 "Leaves alternate" 21 19 "Style lateral on fruit; anther connective distinct and broad" "Pleurostylia {Pleurostylia opposita}" 19 "Style terminal on fruit; anther connective obscure" 20 20 "Lianes or scandent shrubs; flowers bisexual" Salacia 20 "Trees or non-candent shrubs; flowers unisexual (plants dioecious)" Elaeodendron 21 "Pistil hollow at apex; fruit drupaceous containing several to many 1-seeded pyrenes embedded in a hard or fleshy pulp; petals nearly circular" Siphonodon 21 "Pistil not hollow at apex; fruit a 1- or 2-seeded berry; petals narrowly triangular" "Perrottetia {Perrottetia arborescens}"