1	"Abaxial surface of mature leaf glabrous (or merely sparsely hairy on veins)"	2
1	"Abaxial surface of mature leaf hairy on veins, between veins, or both (use magnification)"	4
2	"Lateral primary veins 1.8-3.8 (-5) mm from margin of blade at midpoint of leaf"	"Rhodamnia maideniana"
2	"Lateral primary veins >3 mm from margin blade at midpoint of leaf"	3
3	"Flowers in dense clusters borne mostly on naked branches proximal to leaves; bark of branchlets smooth; foliage drying dark brown, petioles drying to dark brown or nearly black; calyx lobes without three longitudinal veins"	"Rhodamnia arenaria"
3	"Flowers solitary to fascicled and mostly axillary; bark of branchlets soon becoming flaky; foliage drying light green, petioles drying brownish; calyx lobes sometimes each with three (typically faint) longitudinal veins"	"Rhodamnia glabrescens"
4	"Indumentum on abaxial leaf blade densely stellate; hairs usually somewhat ferrugineous"	5
4	"Indumentum on abaxial leaf blade sericeous, villous, tomentose, hoary (sometimes in minute patches), or shortly tomentose; hairs whitish or somewhat reddish at base"	6
5	"Leaves mostly suprabasal acrodromous (triplinerved); petals 5.5-8 mm long; fruit at maturity medium to dark orange or reddish (drying purplish black); seeds 6-9 mm long and having a flattened equatorial ridge approximately 0.5-3 mm wide"	"Rhodamnia blairiana"
5	"Leaves mostly acrodromous (trinerved); petals 3-7.5 mm long; fruit at maturity purplish black; seeds 2.5-3 mm long and lacking equatorial ridge"	"Rhodamnia sharpeana"
6	"Abaxial leaf surface villous, or tomentose, especially on veins"	7
6	"Abaxial leaf surface densely sericeous (the hairs collectively giving off a pearly luster), hoary (sometimes in minute patches) or shortly tomentose in minute patches between the secondary and tertiary nerves"	10
7	"Flowers sessile"	"Rhodamnia sessiliflora"
7	"Flowers pedicellate"	8
8	"Calyx lobes attenuate, persistent in fruit"	"Rhodamnia longisepala"
8	"Calyx lobes rounded or obtuse to acute, usually caducous"	9
9	"Abaxial leaf blade tomentose-villous with much longer and erect hairs arising mostly from the veins"	"Rhodamnia pauciovulata"
9	"Abaxial leaf blade villous, but not tomentose-villous, without longer erect hairs on the veins"	"Rhodamnia rubescens"
10	"Abaxial leaf surface densely appressed-sericeous"	11
10	"Abaxial leaf surface hoary (sometimes in minute patches) to tomentose"	14
11	"Leaf venation brochidodromous (pinnate) (or weakly acrodromous in R. australis)"	12
11	"Leaf venation acrodromous (trinerved)"	13
12	"Leaf blades elliptic to frequently ovate, 4.5-12.2 cm long; adaxial midvein slightly impressed; abaxial vestiture whitish"	"Rhodamnia australis"
12	"Leaf blades narrowly elliptic (rarely elliptic), 4.0-7.0 cm long; adaxial midvein flush to slightly impressed; abaxial vestiture whitish with slight yellowish tint (use magnification)"	"Rhodamnia hylandii"
13	"Lateral primary nerves mostly arising alternately 4-11 mm above leaf base"	"Rhodamnia fordii"
13	"Lateral primary nerves arising at base of midvein or nearly so"	"Rhodamnia acuminata"
14	"Leaves narrowly elliptic, mostly <12 mm wide"	"Rhodamnia angustifolia"
14	"Leaves narrowly ovate or broader, mostly >15 mm wide"	15
15	"Mature fruits bearing weak to strong longitundinal ribs"	16
15	"Mature fruits without longitudinal ribs"	18
16	"Fruits strongly ribbed"	"Rhodamnia dumicola"
16	"Fruits moderately to weakly ribbed"	17
17	"Leaves elliptic to broadly elliptic, 17-45 mm wide; fruit moderately ribbed"	"Rhodamnia costata"
17	"Leaves narrowly elliptic, mostly <12 mm wide; fruit barely to slightly ribbed"	"Rhodamnia angustifolia"
18	"Venation brochidodromous or, if weakly acrodromous, then lateral primary nerves 3.5 mm or less from margins"	"Rhodamnia whiteana"
18	"Venation clearly acrodromous, lateral primary nerves 3-11 mm from margins"	19
19	"Petioles of mature leaves densely short-tomentose; lateral primary nerves on abaxial surface 2.3-6 mm from margin at midpoint of blade; petals glabrous abaxially"	"Rhodamnia argentea"
19	"Petioles of mature leaves glabrous, puberulent, or sericeous; lateral pri mary nerves on abaxial surface 7-11 mm from margin at midpoint of blade; petals sericous to densely sericeous or rarely glabrous abaxially"	"Rhodamnia spongiosa"