1	"Foliage with stinging hairs"	Tragia
1	"Foliage without stinging hairs"	2
2	"Foliage 3-foliolate, leaflets completely free"	"Hevea {Hevea brasiliensis}"
2	"Foliage otherwise"	3
3	"Stems and leaves lacking latex"	4
3	"Stems and leaves with latex (milky, coloured or clear)"	22
4	"Leaf lamina with spine-tipped lobes"	Alchornea
4	"Leaf lamina entire, or if lobed then not spine-tipped"	5
5	"Leaf lamina palmatilobate"	"Ricinus {Ricinus communis}"
5	"Leaf lamina otherwise"	6
6	"Male flower sepals imbricate"	7
6	"Male flower sepals valvate"	8
7	"Herbs or small shrublets"	Monotaxis
7	"Lianes or trees"	Omphalea
8	"Leaves pseudoverticillate to opposite"	Rockinghamia
8	"Leaves alternate or opposite"	9
9	"Leaves opposite"	10
9	"Leaves alternate"	11
10	Herbs	"Mercurialis {Mercurialis annua}"
10	"Shrubs or trees"	Mallotus
11	Lianes	Mallotus
11	"Herbs, woody shrublets, shrubs or trees"	12
12	Herbs	13
12	"Woody shrublets, shrubs or trees"	16
13	"Leaf lamina with 2 glands at base"	Chrozophora
13	"Leaf lamina lacking glands at base"	14
14	"Leaf lamina with embedded refringent glands on upper surface"	Acalypha
14	"Leaf lamina lacking embedded refringent glands on upper surface"	15
15	"Leaf lamina crenate with 28–38 teeth per leaf"	"Micrococca {Micrococca mercurialis}"
15	"Leaf lamina entire or with few (<10) apical teeth"	Amperea
16	"Stipular glands present"	Adriana
16	"Stipular glands absent"	17
17	"Anthers basifixed"	18
17	"Anthers dorsifixed"	19
18	"Anther thecae vermiform; styles lacerate"	Acalypha
18	"Anther thecae obovoid-cylindric; styles simple"	Claoxylon
19	"Styles 2-fid"	"Cleidion {Cleidion javanicum}"
19	"Styles entire"	20
20	"Foliage with stellate indumentum"	Mallotus
20	"Foliage with simple indumentum"	21
21	"Styles free"	Macaranga
21	"Styles shortly connate"	"Wetria {Wetria australiensis}"
22	"Latex whitish; indumentum simple or absent, never stellate or lepidote; petals absent"	23
22	"Latex reddish to yellow or clear; indumentum when present simple, stellate or lepidote; petals present"	31
23	"Dioecious trees; bracts eglandular; pollen reticulate"	"Pimelodendron {Pimelodendron amboinicum}"
23	"Monoecious (rarely dioecious) trees, shrubs and herbs; bracts glandular; pollen perforate-tectate"	24
24	"Inflorescences racemose or spicate; perianth minute or absent; styles usually simple"	25
24	"Inflorescences pseudanthial, male and female flowers reduced and enclosed within a cup-like involucre; perianth present on male flowers; styles usually 2-fid"	28
25	"Male flower calyx laterally compressed; female flowers with glandular stigmas, styles apically divided"	Homalanthus
25	"Male flower calyx radially symmetrical; female flowers eglandular, styles apically undivided"	26
26	Herbs	"Microstachys {Microstachys chamaelea}"
26	"Woody shrubs or trees"	27
27	"Sap creamy-white, watery; male flowers pedicellate (0.8-1.1 mm long); calyx lobes valvate and partially connate"	"Triadica {Triadica sebifera}"
27	"Sap white, thick; male flowers sessile or subsessile (pedicel <0.5 mm long); calyx lobes imbricate, free"	Excoecaria
28	"Petaloid appendages bracteal, opposite male monochasia"	Calycopeplus
28	"Petaloid appendages interbracteal, alternate with male monochasia"	29
29	"Cyathia bilateral; styles connate into column"	"Pedilanthus {Pedilanthus tithymaloides subsp. smallii}"
29	"Cyathia + radially symmetrical; styles free"	30
30	"Cyathophylls connate into cup"	"Synadenium {Synadenium grantii}"
30	"Cyathophylls free"	Euphorbia
31	"Leaves lobate to palmatipartite"	32
31	"Leaves entire"	35
32	"Stipules multifid or laciniate"	Jatropha
32	"Stipules entire"	33
33	"Shrubs; leaf lamina eglandular"	Manihot
33	"Trees; leaf lamina with 2 glands at base"	34
34	"Male flowers with imbricate calyx lobes, disk 5-lobed; female flowers with 5-lobed disk"	Aleurites
34	"Male flowers with valvate calyx lobes, disk of 5 free lobes; female flowers without disk"	"Vernicia {Vernicia fordii}"
35	"Plants quite glabrous"	Ricinocarpos
35	"Plants with an indumentum of hairs and/or scales at least on young shoots"	36
36	"Foliage indumentum mainly simple trichomes, rarely with occasional stellate trichomes"	37
36	"Foliage indumentum predominantly a mixture of stellate and/or lepidote trichomes and scales"	43
37	"Stamen filaments free at base"	38
37	"Stamen filaments variously connate"	40
38	"Anthers basifixed"	Codiaeum
38	"Anthers dorsifixed"	39
39	"Leaf margin denticulate to crenate; floral disk absent; petals 5"	"Dimorphocalyx {Dimorphocalyx australiensis}"
39	"Leaf margin entire; floral disk of numerous glands; petals absent"	"Suregada {Suregada glomerulata}"
40	"Stamen filaments shortly connate at base"	41
40	"Stamen filaments connate into column"	42
41	"Male flower calyx lobes well developed, lanceolate to lanceolate-ovate; fruits capsular dehiscent, exocarp green to grey"	Baloghia
41	"Male flower calyx lobes cupuliform; fruits drupaceous with fleshy sarcocarp, orange"	Fontainea
42	"Tree to 25 m high; leaf lamina with 14–25 lateral vein pairs; inflorescence paniculate; ovary 2-locular; fruit indehiscent"	"Hylandia {Hylandia dockrillii}"
42	"Shrub or small tree to 5 m high; leaf lamina with 9–10 lateral vein pairs; inflorescence racemose; ovary 3-locular; fruit dehiscent"	"Trigonostemon {Trigonostemon inopinatus}"
43	"Foliage never viscid; leaves usually stipulate"	44
43	"Foliage often viscid; leaves usually exstipulate"	45
44	"Large trees; indumentum mixture of simple and stellate hairs; stamens not inflexed in bud; fruits drupaceous"	"Endospermum {Endospermum myrmecophilum}"
44	"Herbs, subshrubs, shrubs or small trees; indumentum mixture of simple, stellate and/or lepidote trichomes and scales; stamens inflexed in bud; fruit capsular dehiscent"	Croton
45	"Flowers with staminal filaments erect to spreading on a flat or slightly convex to hemispherical receptacle, filaments free"	46
45	"Flowers with staminal filaments erect to spreading from a central cylindrical column formed by fusion of the filament bases"	47
46	"Male flowers in racemes"	Shonia
46	"Male flowers in few flowered fascicles or cymose clusters, or solitary"	Beyeria
47	"Disk present in flowers"	Ricinocarpos
47	"Disk absent in flowers"	Bertya