1	"Flowers in simple umbels or heads (spikes or racemes); fruit central axis not obvious"	2
1	"Flowers in compound or occasionally simple umbels, occasionally compound and head-like; fruit central axis generally obvious, separate (except <i>Podistera</i>)"	6
2	"Leaf base not sheathing but stipules present, occasionally +- fused distal to node when leaves opposite"	3
2	"Leaf conspicuously sheathing at base, stipules 0"	4
3	"Herbage hairs stellate; fruit not or +- compressed front-to-back, inflated"	"Bowlesia {Bowlesia incana}"
3	"Herbage hairs simple or 0; fruit very compressed side-to-side"	"Hydrocotyle (treated in araliaceae)"
4	"Flowers in open umbels; fruit glabrous, with well-defined, thickened ribs or not"	Lilaeopsis
4	"Flowers in dense umbels or heads; fruit with scales, prickles, or tubercles, without distinct ribs"	5
5	"Flowers bisexual, sessile, each with 1 bract"	Eryngium
5	"Flowers bisexual and staminate in same umbel or head (staminate only), staminate generally long-pedicelled; flowers not each with 1 bract"	Sanicula
6	"Annual or biennial, slender-taprooted or roots fibrous, reproducing only from seed"	7
6	"Perennial herb or biennial, from taproot or from persistent underground structures, not reproducing only from seed"	18
7	"Corolla yellow"	"Anethum {Anethum graveolens}"
7	"Corolla generally white"	8
8	"Fruit generally elongate, much longer than wide, beaked or long-tapered to tip"	9
8	"Fruit +- round to oblong or elliptic, not or only +- longer than wide, not beaked, not long-tapered to tip"	10
9	"Bractlets entire; fruit ribs 0 or obscure, sterile beak << fertile body"	"Anthriscus {Anthriscus caucalis}"
9	"Bractlets entire to lobed or dissected; fruit ribs prominent, sterile beak > fertile body"	"Scandix {Scandix pecten-veneris}"
10	"Fruit +- round, not compressed, halves not separating readily"	"Coriandrum {Coriandrum sativum}"
10	"Fruit ovate or cordate to oblong or elliptic, compressed either side-to-side or front-to-back, halves separating readily"	11
11	"Bracts leaf-like, generally dissected"	12
11	"Bracts 0 or inconspicuous, not leaf-like"	14
12	"Herbage, fruit glabrous"	Ammi
12	"Herbage hairy; fruit conspicuously bristly"	13
13	"Fruit very compressed front-to-back; rays generally many; umbel dense, nest-like in fruit"	Daucus
13	"Fruit compressed side-to-side; rays few (1--9); umbel open, not nest-like in fruit"	"Yabea {Yabea microcarpa}"
14	"Leaves generally opposite; rays 2--3; fruit elliptic-cordate"	"Apiastrum {Apiastrum angustifolium}"
14	"Leaves generally alternate; rays 0--14; fruit elliptic to narrowly ovate"	15
15	"Petal tips narrowed, incurved; fruit prickly throughout or only on outer half; herbage hairy"	Torilis
15	"Petal tips not narrowed, not incurved; fruit prickly throughout, tubercled, sharply scabrous, or glabrous; herbage glabrous or +- scabrous, not hairy"	16
16	"Involucel 0; fruit glabrous"	"Cyclospermum {Cyclospermum leptophyllum}"
16	"Involucel present; fruit conspicuously bristly or sharply scabrous, at least on ribs"	17
17	"Inflorescence except fruits puberulent; fruit oblong-ovate"	"Ammoselinum {Ammoselinum giganteum}"
17	"Inflorescence except fruits glabrous; fruit wide-ovate"	"Spermolepis {Spermolepis echinata}"
18	"Plant glabrous; generally in flooded to wet or moist (dry) soil"	19
18	"Plant glabrous or variously hairy; wet to dry soil"	27
19	"Stem generally conspicuously purple-spotted or -streaked; herbage musty-scented; fruit oil tubes not apparent"	"Conium {Conium maculatum}"
19	"Stem green or occasionally +- purple, unspotted; herbage not musty-scented; fruit oil tubes apparent"	20
20	"Stem from well-developed single or clustered tubers, or clustered, fibrous roots, generally not rooting at proximal nodes"	21
20	"Stem generally from stout taproot, or generally rooting at proximal nodes or along rhizomes, stolons"	24
21	"Plant rhizomatous; sap from rhizome becoming +- red-brown in air"	Cicuta
21	"Plant not rhizomatous; sap from rhizome not changing color in air"	22
22	"Calyx lobes a persistent crown on fruit; fruit corky; fruit central axis not obvious"	"Oenanthe {Oenanthe sarmentosa}"
22	"Calyx lobes evident but not a persistent crown on fruit; fruit not evidently corky; fruit central axis an apparent, separate structure"	23
23	"Fruit very compressed front-to-back, marginal ribs wide, thin-winged"	"Oxypolis {Oxypolis occidentalis}"
23	"Fruit +- or not compressed side-to-side, ribs +- equal, thread-like to prominent but not clearly winged"	Perideridia
24	"Calyx lobes a persistent crown on fruit; fruit central axis not obvious"	Oenanthe
24	"Calyx lobes 0 or minute, generally not a persistent crown on fruit; fruit central axis an apparent, separate structure"	25
25	"Fruit halves not adhering to central axis; bracts, bractlets conspicuous to 0"	Apium
25	"Fruit halves generally adhering to central axis; bracts, bractlets conspicuous"	26
26	"Fruit ribs thread-like, inconspicuous in corky fruit wall"	"Berula {Berula erecta}"
26	"Fruit ribs prominent, corky"	"Sium {Sium suave}"
27	"Herbage anise- or licorice-scented; leaf segments thread-like"	"Foeniculum {Foeniculum vulgare}"
27	"Herbage scented or not, but not anise-scented; leaf segments wider than thread-like"	28
28	"Fruit ribs +- equal, none expanded as wings"	29
28	"Fruit ribs equal or not, some expanded as definite wings"	36
29	"Biennial of disturbed or cultivated places"	30
29	"Perennial herb of generally undisturbed places"	31
30	"Stems generally purple-spotted; cauline leaves like basal; fruit ribs prominent, wavy"	Conium
30	"Stems unspotted; cauline leaves with more, narrower segments than basal; fruit ribs thread-like, not wavy"	"Petroselinum {Petroselinum crispum}"
31	"Plant dwarfed, 2--15 cm; leaf segments not sharply serrate"	32
31	"Plant not dwarfed, 10--120 cm, if < 20 cm, leaf segments sharply serrate"	34
32	"Umbels not head-like; involucel inconspicuous, not 1-sided, bractlets 0 or free; calyx lobes 0; styles cylindric; plant erect or spreading, not cushion-forming; leaves loosely recurved or occasionally spreading at soil surface"	"Orogenia {Orogenia fusiformis}"
32	"Involucel conspicuous, 1-sided, bractlets generally partly fused; calyx lobes conspicuous or not; styles compressed, flattened; plants cushion-forming or leaves spreading at soil surface; umbels head-like"	33
33	"Herbage coarsely hairy to tomentose; sterile pedicels many, > fruit"	Oreonana
33	"Herbage thinly to densely puberulent; sterile pedicels 0--few, << fruit"	"Podistera {Podistera nevadensis}"
34	"Fruit linear to oblong, 8--22 mm; fruit oil tubes obscure; roots licorice-scented"	Osmorhiza
34	"Fruit oblong to round, 2--9 mm; fruit oil tubes evident, 1--5 per rib-interval; roots not licorice-scented"	35
35	"Corolla white; involucel generally 0, or < pedicels"	Ligusticum
35	"Corolla yellow; involucel present, generally > pedicels"	Tauschia
36	"Ribs winged at margins of fruit halves, others not or more narrowly so; fruit compressed front-to-back"	37
36	"Ribs winged at margins of fruit halves, some others +- winged; fruit cylindric to +- compressed front-to-back or side-to-side (strongly compressed)"	41
37	"Plant robust, 1--3 m; outer petals of marginal flowers > others; oil tubes extending part-way to base of fruit"	"Heracleum {Heracleum maximum}"
37	"Plant not robust, generally < 1 m; outer petals of marginal flowers = others; oil tubes extending to base of fruit"	38
38	"Projection at ovary tip small, conic, persistent on fruit"	39
38	"Projection at ovary tip 0"	40
39	"Leaf 1--4-pinnately or -ternate-pinnately dissected or compound; corolla white; perennial herb"	"Conioselinum {Conioselinum pacificum}"
39	"Leaf 1-pinnate; corolla yellow or orange; generally biennial, or perennial herb"	"Pastinaca {Pastinaca sativa}"
40	"Marginal fruit wings thin or corky, not incurved; fruit axis divided to base"	Lomatium
40	"Marginal fruit wings very corky, incurved; fruit axis a corky ridge along middle of each fruit half"	Orogenia
41	"Plant low, generally spreading, stem generally 0; rays well developed or not; ovary tip projection 0"	42
41	"Plant erect, stem generally present; rays well developed; ovary tip projection conic"	43
42	"Plant erect or +- spreading; leaf adaxial surface generally glaucous, glabrous to scabrous or finely hairy, abaxial surface not tomentose; inland, generally dry places"	Cymopterus
42	"Plant prostrate or +- spreading; leaf adaxial surface green, abaxial tomentose; seashore"	"Glehnia {Glehnia littoralis subsp. leiocarpa}"
43	"Pedicels reduced to a disk; 2&deg; umbels head-like"	"Sphenosciadium {Sphenosciadium capitellatum}"
43	"Pedicels distinct or +- webbed at base, not reduced to a disk; 2&deg; umbels open, not head-like"	44
44	"Stem base not fibrous; leaf segments generally coarse; fruit generally compressed front-to-back (+- compressed to cylindric)"	Angelica
44	"Stem base conspicuously fibrous; leaf segments generally fine; fruit compressed side-to-side"	Ligusticum