1	"Female plants"	2
1	"Male plants"	104
2	"Teeth 4–8 per whorl"	3
2	"Teeth more than 8 per whorl"	82
3	"Branchlets 1–6 cm long with 1–5 elongate articles each 0.6–5 cm long, mostly pungent"	4
3	"Branchlets mostly 8–50 cm long, with numerous elongate articles each 0.1–6 cm long, not pungent except A. decaisneana (if branchlets shorter than 8 cm long and/or if fewer than 7 elongated articles, then articles less than 1 cm long and penultimate branchlets green)"	8
4	"Teeth 5, slightly spreading, with deciduous broad white margins, 0.6–1.3 mm long"	"Allocasuarina ramosissima"
4	"Teeth 4, usually erect, occasionally scarious but without broad white margins"	5
5	"Teeth 0.3–0.6 mm long; samara with long ferruginous hairs, the wing absent or rudimentary; cone bracteoles without dorsal awn"	"Allocasuarina grevilleoides"
5	"Teeth 0.8–5 mm long; samara glabrous, with well-developed wing; cone bracteoles with dorsal awn 1–9 mm long"	6
6	"Branchlets with 2–4 elongate articles, each 8–16 mm long; cone bracteole protuberance with acuminate, awn-like apex c. 1 mm long (cone details obscured by tangled mass of greyish coarse hairs c. 1 cm long)"	"Allocasuarina fibrosa"
6	"Branchlets with 1 elongate article 15–50 mm long; cone bracteole protuberance with well-developed yellowish awn 1.3–9 mm long"	7
7	"Awn adherent to near apex of cone bracteole; slender plant with terete articles 0.6–0.9 mm diam."	"Allocasuarina acuaria"
7	"Awn separating from cone bracteole near base; coarse plant with quadrangular articles 1–1.2 mm diam."	"Allocasuarina pinaster"
8	"Penultimate as well as ultimate branchlets green; shrubs, intricate at maturity"	9
8	"Only ultimate branchlets green; penultimate branches slender but woody with brown to grey bark; trees or shrubs, rarely intricate"	10
9	"Teeth 4; phyllichnia verruculose to serrate; articles 2–6 mm long; samara wingless, with hairs shorter than body of samara"	"Allocasuarina microstachya"
9	"Teeth 6 or 7; phyllichnia smooth; articles 1.5–2.5 mm long; samara with small wing and hairs exceeding body of samara"	"Allocasuarina drummondiana"
10	"Cones warty or tessellated, with each cone bracteole divided into 3–20 small bodies"	11
10	"Cones with single protuberance or with protuberance fused to bracteole body"	17
11	"Articles quadrangular in T.S.; cone body diam. greater than or equal to length; pyramidal bodies 12–20"	"Allocasuarina decussata"
11	"Articles ±terete in T.S. (occasionally quadrangular in A. torulosa); cone body length greater than or equal to diam.; pyramidal bodies 4–12"	12
12	"Teeth spreading [6–8]"	"Allocasuarina fraseriana"
12	"Teeth erect to appressed"	13
13	"Teeth 8–10; articles 7–14 mm long"	"Allocasuarina tessellata"
13	"Teeth 4–7; articles 3–7 mm long"	14
14	"Cone peduncle 8–30 mm long; tree with drooping branchlets"	"Allocasuarina torulosa"
14	"Cone peduncle 0–4 mm long; shrub with stiff ascending branchlets"	15
15	"Phyllichnia angular to strongly rounded, usually with median ridge often minutely serrate; teeth overlapping at least at base when young"	"Allocasuarina humilis"
15	"Phyllichnia flat to slightly rounded, often with smooth yellowish median line but no ridge; teeth not overlapping"	16
16	"Furrows pubescent; cone bracteole bodies acute to broadly acute; mature samara very dark red-brown to black (N.S.W., Vic.)"	"Allocasuarina nana"
16	"Furrows glabrous; cone bracteole bodies truncate; mature samara pale red-brown (W.A., S.A.)"	"Allocasuarina helmsii"
17	"Teeth pungent; articles 20–60 mm long; phyllichnia with median groove (eremean W.A., N.T., S.A.)"	"Allocasuarina decaisneana"
17	"Teeth not pungent; articles 1–20 mm long, rarely with median groove, rarely to 25 mm long and then phyllichnia without median groove"	18
18	"Protuberance produced in a slender spine 1–8 mm long on at least some cones on a plant"	19
18	"Protuberance acute to obtuse or fused with cone bracteole body or rarely both bracteole and protuberance acuminate and pungent"	20
19	"Teeth 8–10"	"Allocasuarina corniculata"
19	"Teeth 5 or 6"	"Allocasuarina thuyoides"
20	"Phyllichnia verruculose or minutely serrate on median ridge"	21
20	"Phyllichnia smooth, occasionally pubescent"	23
21	"Phyllichnia strongly angular, minutely serrate on ridge; shrub 0.5–3 m high (S.A., Vic.)"	"Allocasuarina muelleriana"
21	"Phyllichnia rounded (strongly to slightly so), verruculose; trees 3–10 m high"	22
22	"Teeth spreading, 0.5–0.7 mm long; articles 8–13 mm long, 0.8–0.9 mm diam.; furrows pubescent; bark smooth or furrowed (W.A.)"	"Allocasuarina huegeliana"
22	"Teeth erect, 0.3–0.5 mm long; articles 4–7 mm long, 0.5–0.6 mm diam.; furrows glabrous; bark on trunk extremely ribbony-fibrous, red-brown (Qld, N.S.W.)"	"Allocasuarina inophloia"
23	"Protuberance fused with bracteole body (often apex of protuberance discernible as a transverse line, occasionally with a tiny mucro)"	24
23	"Protuberance 1 (occasionally superficially 2- or 3-lobed in A. striata)"	26
24	"Teeth spreading; cones recurved relative to branch; mature samara mid-brown; tree 4–9 m high"	"Allocasuarina dielsiana"
24	"Teeth erect; cones erect; mature samara black; shrub 1–3 m high"	25
25	"Phyllichnia rounded or nearly flat with small but definite median ridge; cones sessile or on peduncle to 5 mm long"	"Allocasuarina campestris"
25	"Phyllichnia flat or slightly rounded without median ridge; cones on peduncle 4–15 mm long"	"Allocasuarina eriochlamys"
26	"Teeth 1.5–3.5 mm long"	27
26	"Teeth less than 1.5 mm long"	31
27	"Teeth not overlapping at maturity"	28
27	"Teeth overlapping"	30
28	"Teeth 5 or 6; cones on peduncle 2–9 mm long (Qld)"	"Allocasuarina filidens"
28	"Teeth 7–10; cones sessile or on peduncle to 3 mm long"	29
29	"Articles 0.9–1 mm diam., glabrous; cone bracteoles pungent, with acute or acuminate apex and with dorsal protuberance of similar shape and size (W.A.)"	"Allocasuarina trichodon"
29	"Articles 1.4–2 mm diam., with densely pubescent furrows; cone bracteoles obtuse to truncate, with dorsal protuberance thick-pyramidal and slightly shorter than bracteole body (Tas.)"	"Allocasuarina crassa"
30	"Teeth recurved to spreading, strongly marcescent"	"Allocasuarina mackliniana"
30	"Teeth erect, marcescent only at apex"	"Allocasuarina striata"
31	"Phyllichnia with median groove along their length"	32
31	"Phyllichnia without median groove"	36
32	"Teeth overlapping (S.A., Vic.)"	"Allocasuarina pusilla"
32	"Teeth not overlapping"	33
33	"Articles 2–5 mm long, 0.4–0.7 mm diam. (N.S.W.)"	"Allocasuarina brachystachya"
33	"Articles 5–14 mm long, 0.7–1.2 mm diam."	34
34	"Samara mid-brown, 5.5–6.0 mm long; teeth strongly marcescent (W.A.)"	"Allocasuarina tortiramula"
34	"Samara very dark brown to black, 3.5–5.5 mm long; teeth not or occasionally marcescent"	35
35	"Furrows glabrous (W.A.)"	"Allocasuarina lehmanniana"
35	"Furrows pubescent (S.A., N.S.W., Vic., Tas.)"	"Allocasuarina paludosa"
36	"Teeth overlapping at least at base when young"	37
36	"Teeth not overlapping, mostly not marcescent"	60
37	"Furrows obviously pubescent (pubescent and glabrous sometimes mixed on same plant in A. simulans)"	38
37	"Furrows glabrous"	41
38	"Teeth recurved to spreading"	"Allocasuarina mackliniana"
38	"Teeth erect"	39
39	"Phyllichnia only slightly rounded"	"Allocasuarina gymnanthera"
39	"Phyllichnia angular to strongly rounded"	40
40	"Cones large, 11–22 mm diam., on stout peduncle 2–4 mm diam.; articles dark blue-green (Port Stephens–Cooma, N.S.W.)"	"Allocasuarina distyla"
40	"Cones slender, 9–12 mm diam., on slender peduncle c. 2 mm diam.; articles pale yellow-green (Nabiac–Forster, N.S.W.)"	"Allocasuarina simulans"
41	"Phyllichnia and teeth flat or slightly rounded (occasionally more rounded towards base of article but always rather flattened near apex)"	42
41	"Phyllichnia angular or strongly rounded, with ridge or convexity continued onto teeth"	48
42	"Usually monoecious"	43
42	"Usually dioecious"	44
43	"Cones on peduncle 2–10 mm long; cone bracteoles truncate to broadly acute (Tas.)"	"Allocasuarina monilifera"
43	"Cones sessile or on peduncle to 3 mm long; cone bracteoles broadly acute to obtuse (S.A.)"	"Allocasuarina robusta"
44	"Teeth recurved to spreading, strongly marcescent (S.A., Vic.)"	"Allocasuarina mackliniana"
44	"Teeth erect to spreading, not marcescent or slightly so at apex"	45
45	"Mature samara red- to olive-brown, 3.0–3.5 mm long"	46
45	"Mature samara very dark brown to black, 4–7 mm long"	47
46	"Articles blue-green, 6–8 mm long; cone body 5–7 mm diam. (Nabiac, N.S.W.)"	"Allocasuarina defungens"
46	"Articles yellow-green, 5–11 mm long; cone body 7–8 mm diam. (Penrith, N.S.W.)"	"Allocasuarina glareicola"
47	"Cones shortly cylindrical, sessile; cone bracteoles broadly acute to obtuse (S.A., Vic.)"	"Allocasuarina pusilla"
47	"Cones long-cylindrical, on peduncle 3–8 mm long; cone bracteoles truncate to obtuse (N.S.W.)"	"Allocasuarina gymnanthera"
48	"Mature samara red-brown to olive-brown"	49
48	"Mature samara very dark brown to black"	53
49	"Teeth recurved to spreading, mostly marcescent; articles 10–25 mm long"	50
49	"Teeth erect to slightly spreading, not marcescent; articles 5–12 mm long"	51
50	"Articles 0.7–1.5 mm diam.; phyllichnia angular to sometimes rounded"	"Allocasuarina rigida"
50	"Articles 0.8–1 mm diam.; phyllichnia rounded to sometimes angular"	"Allocasuarina portuensis"
51	"Articles of same diam. throughout their length, not waxy"	"Allocasuarina glareicola"
51	"Articles of greater diam. at apex than towards base"	52
52	"Teeth narrowly to broadly deltoid, ±straight-sided; articles often with a waxy bloom"	"Allocasuarina diminuta"
52	"Teeth very broadly deltoid, very convex-sided; articles without waxy bloom"	"Allocasuarina rupicola"
53	"Phyllichnia rounded"	54
53	"Phyllichnia angular"	59
54	"Articles with a waxy bloom at least when dry; teeth erect, not marcescent; cones on peduncle 2–12 mm long"	55
54	"Articles without a waxy bloom; teeth recurved to erect, often marcescent; cones sessile or on peduncle to 5 mm long"	57
55	"Articles of markedly greater diam. at apex"	"Allocasuarina striata"
55	"Articles of nearly same diam. throughout their length or slightly enlarged at apex"	56
56	"Dioecious; cone body 7–9 mm diam.; phyllichnia strongly rounded to angular (Vic.)"	"Allocasuarina grampiana"
56	"Monoecious mostly; cone body 8–14 mm diam.; phyllichnia rounded to strongly rounded (Tas.)"	"Allocasuarina monilifera"
57	"Teeth 5–7, erect and appressed to occasionally spreading; articles 4–10 mm long, 0.3–0.8 mm diam."	"Allocasuarina misera"
57	"Teeth 7–11, recurved to spreading; articles 6–17 mm long, 0.6–1.2 mm diam."	58
58	"Teeth spreading, mostly somewhat marcescent; furrows glabrous"	"Allocasuarina paradoxa"
58	"Teeth recurved to spreading, strongly marcescent; furrows glabrous or densely pubescent"	"Allocasuarina mackliniana"
59	"Articles with a strong waxy bloom (Vic.)"	"Allocasuarina grampiana"
59	"Articles with a faint waxy bloom or none (Tas.)"	"Allocasuarina zephyrea"
60	"Furrows obviously pubescent (at least shortly)"	61
60	"Furrows glabrous"	69
61	"Tree 5–15 m high"	"Allocasuarina littoralis"
61	"Shrub or small tree 0.5–3 m high"	62
62	"Phyllichnia angular to strongly rounded, without median groove; dioecious"	63
62	"Phyllichnia flat or slightly rounded (often with a median groove towards base in A. brachystachya)"	68
63	"Phyllichnia strongly angular with white median ridge (often minutely serrate); teeth erect and appressed; articles of same diam. throughout their length (S.A., Vic.)"	"Allocasuarina muelleriana"
63	"Phyllichnia rounded without well-defined white median ridge"	64
64	"Teeth spreading to recurved (Tas.)"	"Allocasuarina crassa"
64	"Teeth erect but not appressed (Qld, N.S.W.)"	65
65	"Articles 10–22 mm long, 0.8–1.5 mm diam.; teeth thick-textured, 0.5–1.2 mm long"	66
65	"Articles 4–12 mm long, 0.5–0.9 mm diam.; teeth thin-textured, 0.3–0.7 mm long"	67
66	"Cones 11–22 mm diam., on peduncle 2–4 mm diam.; articles dark blue-green"	"Allocasuarina distyla"
66	"Cones 9–12 mm diam., on peduncle c. 2 mm diam.; articles pale yellow-green"	"Allocasuarina simulans"
67	"Articles 4–8 mm long"	"Allocasuarina emuina"
67	"Articles 7–12 mm long"	"Allocasuarina thalassoscopica"
68	"Cone body 14–40 mm long, 9–12 mm diam.; articles 5–16 mm long"	"Allocasuarina gymnanthera"
68	"Cone body 7–14 mm long, 5–8 mm diam.; articles 2–5 mm long"	"Allocasuarina brachystachya"
69	"Mature samara red- to olive-brown"	70
69	"Mature samara very dark brown to black"	74
70	"Articles of the same diam. throughout their length, not waxy; phyllichnia rounded (usually only slightly so near apex)"	"Allocasuarina glareicola"
70	"Articles at least slightly enlarged in diam. at apex, often with a waxy bloom at least when dry; phyllichnia angular or strongly rounded"	71
71	"Articles without a waxy bloom; teeth often marcescent at apex"	"Allocasuarina rigida"
71	"Articles often with a waxy bloom"	72
72	"Teeth marcescent; articles 13–20 mm long"	"Allocasuarina portuensis"
72	"Teeth not marcescent; articles 5–14 mm long"	73
73	"Teeth narrowly deltoid; occurs on serpentinite outcrops"	"Allocasuarina ophiolitica"
73	"Teeth broadly deltoid; occurs on siliceous soils"	"Allocasuarina diminuta"
74	"Teeth erect, appressed (occasionally some teeth spreading in A. misera)"	75
74	"Teeth spreading, or erect but not appressed and often with some apices spreading"	78
75	"Phyllichnia sharply angular with pale median ridge; samara 6–9 mm long (S.A., Vic.)"	"Allocasuarina muelleriana"
75	"Phyllichnia flat to rounded or broadly angular with pale median line; samara c. 4 mm long"	76
76	"Articles 0.3–0.8 mm diam. (Vic.)"	"Allocasuarina misera"
76	"Articles 0.7–1.2 mm diam."	77
77	"Articles 7–11 mm long; teeth 0.5–1.0 mm long; cones on peduncle 2–6 mm long; usually monoecious (Tas.)"	"Allocasuarina monilifera"
77	"Articles 5–9 mm long; teeth 0.4–0.8 mm long; cones on peduncle 6–35 mm long or less commonly sessile; mostly dioecious (W.A.)"	"Allocasuarina lehmanniana"
78	"Monoecious usually"	79
78	"Dioecious usually"	80
79	"Cones on peduncle 2–10 mm long; articles often with a waxy bloom (Tas.)"	"Allocasuarina monilifera"
79	"Cones sessile or on peduncle to 3 mm long; articles not waxy (S.A.)"	"Allocasuarina robusta"
80	"Articles with a strong waxy bloom (Vic.)"	"Allocasuarina grampiana"
80	"Articles with a faint waxy bloom or none"	81
81	"Articles 0.5–0.8 mm diam.; samara 5–8 mm long (Vic.)"	"Allocasuarina media"
81	"Articles 0.6–1.3 mm diam.; samara 4–5.5 mm long (Tas.)"	"Allocasuarina zephyrea"
82	"Articles verruculose"	83
82	"Articles smooth"	88
83	"Articles 4–7 mm long, 0.5–0.6 mm diam.; bark very ribbony-fibrous (Qld, N.S.W.)"	"Allocasuarina inophloia"
83	"Articles 8–40 mm long, 0.7–2 mm diam.; bark smooth to furrowed"	84
84	"Teeth spreading; phyllichnia rounded"	85
84	"Teeth erect; phyllichnia flat or slightly rounded; branchlets ascending"	86
85	"Articles 15–40 mm long, 0.7–1.5 mm diam.; branchlets strongly drooping (S.A., N.S.W., Vic., Tas.)"	"Allocasuarina verticillata"
85	"Articles 8–13 mm long, 0.8–0.9 mm diam.; branchlets drooping to ascending (W.A.)"	"Allocasuarina huegeliana"
86	"Monoecious; cone bracteoles with protuberance produced in a long spine 4–11 mm long"	"Allocasuarina spinosissima"
86	"Dioecious; cone bracteoles with protuberance obtuse or acuminate with mucro less than 1 mm long"	87
87	"Articles 1.0–2.0 mm diam.; cone diam. greater than length; cones 5–12 mm long; cone bracteoles with short obtuse dorsal protuberance (S.A., Qld, N.S.W., Vic.)"	"Allocasuarina luehmannii"
87	"Articles 0.7–1.2 mm diam.; cone length greater than diam.; cones 15–35 mm long; cone bracteole and protuberance fused or divided into 2 or 3 acuminate or acute bodies (W.A.)"	"Allocasuarina acutivalvis"
88	"Dorsal protuberance fused with cone bracteole"	89
88	"Dorsal protuberance a separate pyramidal body, or cone bracteole divided into 3–5 bodies (dorsal protuberance not distinguishable)"	90
89	"Articles 20–52 mm long; teeth 1.3–2.7 mm long"	"Allocasuarina scleroclada"
89	"Articles 6–13 mm long; teeth 0.6–1.2 mm long"	"Allocasuarina campestris"
90	"Cone bracteole divided into 3–5 bodies; branchlets mostly with a thick waxy coating"	91
90	"Dorsal protuberance a single body; branchlets occasionally with a waxy bloom (more obvious when dry) but not forming a thick waxy coating"	92
91	"Teeth 10–12; articles 17–28 mm long; furrows mostly shortly pubescent"	"Allocasuarina globosa"
91	"Teeth 8–9; articles 7–14 mm long; furrows glabrous"	"Allocasuarina tessellata"
92	"Teeth 1.5–3.5 mm long"	93
92	"Teeth less than 1.5 mm long"	95
93	"Phyllichnia angular; articles glabrous, 0.9–1 mm diam.; cone bracteoles acute to acuminate (W.A.)"	"Allocasuarina trichodon"
93	"Phyllichnia rounded, occasionally only slightly so; cone bracteoles truncate to broadly acute"	94
94	"Phyllichnia moderately rounded (if only slightly so, then furrows densely pubescent); articles glabrous or pubescent in furrows, 0.7–1.3 mm diam. (S.A., Vic.)"	"Allocasuarina mackliniana"
94	"Phyllichnia strongly rounded; articles pubescent in furrows, 1.2–2 mm diam. (Tas.)"	"Allocasuarina crassa"
95	"Protuberance produced in a spine 2–5 mm long (W.A.)"	"Allocasuarina corniculata"
95	"Protuberance truncate to broadly acute, without spine"	96
96	"Furrows pubescent"	97
96	"Furrows glabrous"	98
97	"Phyllichnia nearly flat to slightly rounded (S.A., Vic.)"	"Allocasuarina mackliniana"
97	"Phyllichnia strongly rounded"	"Allocasuarina crassa"
98	"Mature samara red- to olive-brown"	99
98	"Mature samara very dark brown to black"	101
99	"Articles without a waxy bloom; teeth often marcescent at apex (Qld, N.S.W.)"	"Allocasuarina rigida"
99	"Articles with a waxy bloom at least when dry; teeth usually not marcescent"	100
100	"Teeth narrowly deltoid; occurs on serpentinite outcrops."	"Allocasuarina ophiolitica"
100	"Teeth broadly deltoid; occurs on siliceous soils"	"Allocasuarina diminuta"
101	"Cones on peduncle 2–15 mm long; teeth erect to spreading (Tas.)"	102
101	"Cones sessile or on peduncle to 3 mm long; teeth recurved to spreading (S.A., Vic.)"	103
102	"Dioecious; phyllichnia angular to rounded"	"Allocasuarina zephyrea"
102	"Monoecious; phyllichnia strongly to slightly rounded"	"Allocasuarina monilifera"
103	"Teeth spreading, mostly somewhat marcescent; furrows glabrous"	"Allocasuarina paradoxa"
103	"Teeth recurved to spreading, strongly marcescent; furrows glabrous or densely pubescent"	"Allocasuarina mackliniana"
104	"Teeth 4–8 per whorl"	105
104	"Teeth more than 8 per whorl"	197
105	"Branchlets 1–6 cm long with 1–5 elongate articles, each 0.6–5 cm long, mostly pungent"	106
105	"Branchlets mostly 8–50 cm long with numerous elongate articles 0.1–6 cm long, not pungent except A. decaisneana (if branchlets less than 8 cm long and/or if fewer than 7 elongated articles, then articles less than 1 cm long and penultimate branchlets mostly green)"	110
106	"Teeth 5, slightly spreading, with deciduous broad white margins, 0.6–1.3 mm long"	"Allocasuarina ramosissima"
106	"Teeth 4, erect usually, occasionally scarious but without broad white margins"	107
107	"Teeth 0.3–0.6 mm long"	"Allocasuarina grevilleoides"
107	"Teeth 0.8–5 mm long"	108
108	"Branchlets with 2–4 elongate articles, each 8–16 mm long; spikes dense, 0.4–0.7 cm long; anther 0.5–0.8 mm long"	"Allocasuarina fibrosa"
108	"Branchlets with 1 elongate article 15–50 mm long"	109
109	"Slender plant with articles 0.6–0.9 mm diam.; spikes elongate, moniliform, 1–4 cm long; anther 0.7–0.9 mm long"	"Allocasuarina acuaria"
109	"Coarse plant with articles 1–1.2 mm diam.; spikes short, dense, 0.5–1 cm long; anther 1–1.4 mm long"	"Allocasuarina pinaster"
110	"Penultimate as well as ultimate branchlets green; shrubs, intricate at maturity"	111
110	"Only ultimate branchlets green; penultimate branches slender but woody with brown to grey bark; trees or shrubs, rarely intricate"	112
111	"Teeth 4; phyllichnia verruculose to serrate; articles 2–6 mm long"	"Allocasuarina microstachya"
111	"Teeth 6–7; phyllichnia smooth; articles 1.5–2.5 mm long"	"Allocasuarina drummondiana"
112	"Phyllichnia verruculose or with minutely serrate median ridge"	113
112	"Phyllichnia smooth"	116
113	"Phyllichnia angular to strongly rounded with minutely serrate ridge; shrub 0.2–3 m high; teeth erect; bark smooth or finely fissured"	"Allocasuarina muelleriana"
113	"Phyllichnia verruculose, strongly to slightly rounded; tree 3–15 m high"	114
114	"Teeth erect; bark on trunk extremely ribbony-fibrous, red-brown; male bracteoles deciduous (Qld, N.S.W.)"	"Allocasuarina inophloia"
114	"Teeth spreading; bark scaly or strongly furrowed (W.A.)"	115
115	"Male bracteoles persistent; teeth 8–10, 0.7–1.2 mm long"	"Allocasuarina fraseriana"
115	"Male bracteoles deciduous, usually falling as a unit with the 2 perianth segments; teeth 6–8, 0.5–0.7 mm long"	"Allocasuarina huegeliana"
116	"Male spikes ±moniliform, 6–8 whorls per cm; teeth not overlapping"	"Allocasuarina muelleriana"
116	"Male spikes dense, 14–16 whorls per cm; teeth overlapping at base at least when young"	117
117	"Teeth 1.5–3.5 mm long"	118
117	"Teeth less than 1.5 mm long"	124
118	"Teeth pungent; articles 20–60 mm long; phyllichnia with median groove"	"Allocasuarina decaisneana"
118	"Teeth not pungent; articles 1–20 mm long; phyllichnia without median groove"	119
119	"Teeth not overlapping at maturity (may overlap on young shoots)"	120
119	"Teeth overlapping"	123
120	"Teeth erect; articles mostly with a waxy coating"	"Allocasuarina eriochlamys"
120	"Teeth spreading to recurved; articles not waxy"	121
121	"Teeth 5–6; articles 12–15 mm long, 0.5–0.8 mm diam. (Qld)"	"Allocasuarina filidens"
121	"Teeth 7–10"	122
122	"Furrows glabrous; articles 12–15 mm long, 0.5–0.8 mm diam. (W.A.)"	"Allocasuarina trichodon"
122	"Furrows pubescent; articles 10–20 mm long, 1.2–2 mm diam. (Tas.)"	"Allocasuarina crassa"
123	"Teeth recurved to spreading, strongly marcescent"	"Allocasuarina mackliniana"
123	"Teeth erect, marcescent only at apex"	"Allocasuarina striata"
124	"Phyllichnia with median groove along their whole length"	125
124	"Phyllichnia without median groove"	129
125	"Teeth overlapping; anther 0.3–0.6 mm long (S.A., Vic.)"	"Allocasuarina pusilla"
125	"Teeth not overlapping; anther 0.6–1.2 mm long"	126
126	"Articles 2–5 mm long, 0.4–0.7 mm diam. (N.S.W.)"	"Allocasuarina brachystachya"
126	"Articles 5–14 mm long, 0.7–1.2 mm diam."	127
127	"Male spikes less than 1 cm long; teeth strongly marcescent (W.A.)"	"Allocasuarina tortiramula"
127	"Male spikes 1–6 cm long; teeth not or occasionally marcescent"	128
128	"Furrows glabrous (W.A.)"	"Allocasuarina lehmanniana"
128	"Furrows pubescent (S.A., N.S.W., Vic., Tas.)"	"Allocasuarina paludosa"
129	"Teeth overlapping at least at base when young"	130
129	"Teeth not overlapping, mostly not marcescent"	157
130	"Furrows pubescent (pubescent and glabrous sometimes mixed on same individual in A. simulans)"	131
130	"Furrows glabrous"	135
131	"Teeth recurved to spreading (S.A., Vic.)"	"Allocasuarina mackliniana"
131	"Teeth erect (W.A., N.S.W.)"	132
132	"Phyllichnia only slightly rounded"	"Allocasuarina gymnanthera"
132	"Phyllichnia angular to strongly rounded"	133
133	"Articles 3–6 mm long (W.A.)"	"Allocasuarina humilis"
133	"Articles 10–22 mm long"	134
134	"Articles dark blue-green; phyllichnia angular to rounded; generally parts coarser (Port Stephens–Cooma, N.S.W.)"	"Allocasuarina distyla"
134	"Articles pale yellow-green; phyllichnia rounded to angular; generally parts more slender (Nabiac–Forster, N.S.W.)"	"Allocasuarina simulans"
135	"Phyllichnia and teeth flat or slightly rounded, occasionally more rounded towards base of article but always rather flattened near apex"	136
135	"Phyllichnia angular or strongly rounded, with ridge or convexity continued onto teeth"	143
136	"Usually monoecious"	137
136	"Usually dioecious"	138
137	"Male spikes mostly moniliform (Tas.)"	"Allocasuarina monilifera"
137	"Male spikes mostly not moniliform (S.A.)"	"Allocasuarina robusta"
138	"Teeth recurved to spreading, strongly marcescent"	"Allocasuarina mackliniana"
138	"Teeth erect to spreading, not marcescent or slightly so at apex"	139
139	"Male spikes moniliform, 3–5 whorls per cm"	140
139	"Male spikes not moniliform, 8–11 whorls per cm"	142
140	"Male bracteoles deciduous; male spikes 2.5–6 cm long"	"Allocasuarina gymnanthera"
140	"Male bracteoles persistent; male spikes 0.2–2.5 cm long"	141
141	"Articles blue-green, 6–8 mm long; spikes 0.4–1 cm long (Nabiac, N.S.W.)"	"Allocasuarina defungens"
141	"Articles yellow-green, 5–11 mm long; spikes 0.2–2.5 cm long (Penrith, N.S.W.)"	"Allocasuarina glareicola"
142	"Articles without a waxy bloom; teeth 0.3–0.8 mm long, mostly brown"	"Allocasuarina misera"
142	"Articles with a waxy bloom; teeth 0.3–0.5 mm long, mostly pale yellow"	"Allocasuarina pusilla"
143	"Mature male spikes moniliform"	144
143	"Mature male spikes dense, not moniliform"	150
144	Monoecious	145
144	Dioecious	146
145	"Phyllichnia rounded to angular (N.S.W.)"	"Allocasuarina diminuta"
145	"Phyllichnia angular (Tas.)"	"Allocasuarina monilifera"
146	"Articles not waxy; teeth erect"	147
146	"Articles with at least a faint waxy bloom; teeth spreading to erect or recurved"	148
147	"Male spike with 4–6.5 whorls per cm"	"Allocasuarina rigida"
147	"Male spike with 7.5–8 whorls per cm"	"Allocasuarina rupicola"
148	"Teeth 6–7; articles with a waxy bloom"	"Allocasuarina grampiana"
148	"Teeth 7–9; articles with a faint waxy bloom"	149
149	"Male spikes 1–3.5 cm long, 5–7 whorls per cm (Tas.)"	"Allocasuarina zephyrea"
149	"Male spikes 5–10 cm long, 3.5–4.5 whorls per cm (N.S.W.)"	"Allocasuarina portuensis"
150	"Male bracteoles deciduous"	"Allocasuarina striata"
150	"Male bracteoles persistent"	151
151	"Male spikes very dense, 14–16 whorls per cm"	"Allocasuarina humilis"
151	"Male spikes less dense, 3.5–11 whorls per cm"	152
152	"Teeth strongly marcescent, spreading or recurved, rarely erect"	153
152	"Teeth not marcescent or occasionally so at very apex, erect or spreading"	155
153	"Articles 10–25 mm long; phyllichnia angular to rounded (Qld, N.S.W.)"	"Allocasuarina rigida"
153	"Articles 6–7 mm long; phyllichnia rounded to angular (S.A., Vic.)"	154
154	"Male spikes with 3.5–7 whorls per cm, not appearing much thicker than vegetative branchlets"	"Allocasuarina paradoxa"
154	"Male spikes with 6–9 whorls per cm, the recurved teeth making spikes appear about twice as thick as branchlets"	"Allocasuarina mackliniana"
155	"Anther 0.8–1.2 mm long; teeth 0.6–1 mm long, spreading to suberect"	"Allocasuarina robusta"
155	"Anther 0.5–0.8 mm long; teeth 0.3–0.8 mm long, erect to spreading"	156
156	"Articles angular to sharply rounded, often with a waxy bloom, 0.6–1.1 mm diam.; teeth 6–9 (N.S.W.)"	"Allocasuarina diminuta"
156	"Articles broadly rounded, not waxy, 0.3–0.8 mm diam.; teeth 5–7 (Vic.)"	"Allocasuarina misera"
157	"Phyllichnia and teeth flat to slightly rounded at least near apex"	158
157	"Phyllichnia angular to strongly rounded, with ridge or convexity continuing onto teeth"	170
158	"Tree 5–20 m high; bark corky or furrowed"	159
158	"Shrub 0.5–5 m high; bark smooth to finely fissured"	160
159	"Teeth 4 or 5; phyllichnia with pale median line"	"Allocasuarina torulosa"
159	"Teeth 6–8; phyllichnia with small but definite pale median ridge"	"Allocasuarina littoralis"
160	"Teeth 7–10, marcescent"	161
160	"Teeth 4–6, mostly not marcescent, rarely to 8 and then not marcescent"	163
161	"Male spikes with 10–16 whorls per cm"	"Allocasuarina corniculata"
161	"Male spikes with 7–11 whorls per cm"	162
162	"Articles with small but definite median ridge on phyllichnia"	"Allocasuarina campestris"
162	"Articles without ridge on phyllichnia"	"Allocasuarina eriochlamys"
163	"Furrows glabrous"	164
163	"Furrows pubescent"	168
164	"Anther 0.7–1.2 mm long; articles 5–14 mm long"	165
164	"Anther 0.4–0.7 mm long; articles 1–7 mm long; teeth 0.3–0.5 mm long; male spikes not moniliform"	167
165	"Male spikes usually not moniliform; anther 0.8–1.2 mm long; teeth 0.6–1 mm long (S.A.)"	"Allocasuarina robusta"
165	"Male spikes usually moniliform; anther 0.6–0.9 mm long; teeth 0.2–0.7 mm long"	166
166	"Teeth 0.2–0.5 mm long, erect to slightly spreading (N.S.W.)"	"Allocasuarina glareicola"
166	"Teeth 0.4–0.7 mm long, appressed to erect (W.A.)"	"Allocasuarina lehmanniana"
167	"Male spikes 5–25 mm long, 9–12 whorls per cm; articles 3–7 mm long"	"Allocasuarina helmsii"
167	"Male spikes 1–5 mm long, of only 1–4 whorls; articles 1–3 mm long"	"Allocasuarina thuyoides"
168	"Male spikes 2.5–6 cm long, moniliform, 3–5 whorls per cm; articles 5–12 mm long"	"Allocasuarina gymnanthera"
168	"Male spikes 0.5–1.7 cm long, not moniliform, 9–20 whorls per cm"	169
169	"Usually monoecious; articles 2–5 mm long, not waxy; phyllichnia often with median groove towards base"	"Allocasuarina brachystachya"
169	"Usually dioecious; articles 5–6 mm long, often waxy; phyllichnia without median groove"	"Allocasuarina nana"
170	"Male inflorescence very short, head-like, c. 0.5–0.6 cm diam.; tree or tall shrub"	"Allocasuarina dielsiana"
170	"Male inflorescence an elongate spike, 1–9 cm long, rarely less than 1 cm long and then a shrub"	171
171	"Tree 5–15 m high; bark corky or strongly fissured"	172
171	"Shrub or small tree 0.5–5 m high; bark smooth or slightly fissured"	174
172	"Articles quadrangular; teeth 4; monoecious"	"Allocasuarina decussata"
172	"Articles terete; teeth 6–8; usually dioecious"	173
173	"Teeth spreading, 0.7–1.2 mm long (W.A.)"	"Allocasuarina fraseriana"
173	"Teeth usually erect, 0.3–0.9 mm long (Qld to Tas.)"	"Allocasuarina littoralis"
174	"Male spikes with 12–16 whorls per cm, 6–18 mm long"	"Allocasuarina humilis"
174	"Male spikes with 4–11 whorls per cm, 1–9 cm long"	175
175	"Furrows glabrous"	176
175	"Furrows pubescent"	191
176	"Male spikes moniliform"	177
176	"Male spikes dense, not moniliform"	184
177	"Teeth erect, appressed"	178
177	"Teeth spreading or erect but not appressed and often with some apices spreading"	179
178	"Phyllichnia rounded with pale median line (W.A.)"	"Allocasuarina lehmanniana"
178	"Phyllichnia angular with well-defined white median ridge (S.A., Vic.)"	"Allocasuarina muelleriana"
179	"Usually monoecious"	"Allocasuarina monilifera"
179	"Usually dioecious"	180
180	"Articles 0.5–0.7 mm diam., with phyllichnia rounded, without a waxy bloom; teeth 0.2–0.5 mm long (N.S.W.)"	"Allocasuarina glareicola"
180	"Articles 0.6–1.3 mm diam., with phyllichnia angular or occasionally rounded; teeth 0.4–1.2 mm long"	181
181	"Articles with a waxy bloom (Vic.)"	"Allocasuarina grampiana"
181	"Articles with only a faint waxy bloom or none"	182
182	"Teeth erect to spreading, mostly not marcescent (Tas.)"	"Allocasuarina zephyrea"
182	"Teeth recurved to erect, mostly marcescent (Qld, N.S.W.)"	183
183	"Articles 10–14 mm long; teeth erect to slightly spreading"	"Allocasuarina rigida"
183	"Articles 13–20 mm long; teeth recurved to spreading"	"Allocasuarina portuensis"
184	"Teeth marcescent (W.A.)"	"Allocasuarina tessellata"
184	"Teeth not marcescent or occasionally so at very apex"	185
185	"Teeth spreading to erect, mostly at least the apex spreading; phyllichnia strongly rounded to angular without well-defined median ridge"	186
185	"Teeth erect, appressed to somewhat incurved"	189
186	"Articles 0.5–0.8 mm diam., of nearly same diam. throughout length, without a waxy bloom (Vic.)"	"Allocasuarina media"
186	"Articles 0.6–1.3 mm diam., mostly enlarged at apex, often with a waxy bloom"	187
187	"Anther 0.5–0.8 mm long; teeth broadly deltoid (N.S.W.)"	"Allocasuarina diminuta"
187	"Anther 0.7–1.2 mm long; teeth narrowly deltoid"	188
188	"Anther 0.8–1.2 mm long (N.S.W.)"	"Allocasuarina ophiolitica"
188	"Anther 0.7–0.9 mm long (Tas.)"	"Allocasuarina zephyrea"
189	"Phyllichnia strongly angular with well-defined median ridge (S.A., Vic.)"	"Allocasuarina muelleriana"
189	"Phyllichnia rounded with pale median line"	190
190	"Male spikes with 5–8 whorls per cm; articles 0.7–1.2 mm diam., occasionally with a waxy bloom (W.A.)"	"Allocasuarina lehmanniana"
190	"Male spikes with 9–11 whorls per cm; articles 0.3–0.8 mm diam., without a waxy bloom (Vic.)"	"Allocasuarina misera"
191	"Teeth marcescent; articles usually with a strong waxy coating"	"Allocasuarina campestris"
191	"Teeth not marcescent; articles sometimes somewhat waxy"	192
192	"Male whorls 3.5–6.5 per cm; articles 10–22 mm long"	193
192	"Male whorls 7–9.5 per cm, rarely 6 and then phyllichnia strongly angular; articles 3–12 mm long"	195
193	"Articles dark blue-green; phyllichnia angular to rounded"	"Allocasuarina distyla"
193	"Articles pale yellow-green; phyllichnia rounded to angular"	194
194	"Articles 0.9–1.3 mm diam.; teeth 6, 0.5–1.1 mm long (N.S.W.)"	"Allocasuarina simulans"
194	"Articles 1.2–2 mm diam,; teeth 7–10, 1.1–3 mm long (Tas.)"	"Allocasuarina crassa"
195	"Phyllichnia and male bracts strongly angular (S.A., Vic.)"	"Allocasuarina muelleriana"
195	"Phyllichnia and male bracts angular to strongly rounded (Qld)"	196
196	"Articles 4–8 mm long; anther 0.8–0.9 mm long"	"Allocasuarina emuina"
196	"Articles 7–12 mm long; anther 0.6–0.8 mm long"	"Allocasuarina thalassoscopica"
197	"Articles verruculose"	198
197	"Articles smooth"	203
198	"Articles short and slender, 4–7 mm long, 0.5–0.6 mm diam.; bark very ribbony-fibrous"	"Allocasuarina inophloia"
198	"Articles 8–40 mm long, 0.7–2 mm diam.; bark smooth to furrowed"	199
199	"Teeth spreading; phyllichnia rounded; branchlets drooping; male bracteoles usually falling as a unit with the 1 or 2 perianth segments"	200
199	"Teeth erect; phyllichnia flat or slightly rounded; branchlets ascending; male bracteoles falling individually"	201
200	"Articles 15–40 mm long, 0.7–1.5 mm diam.; anther 1.2–2.5 mm long (S.A., N.S.W. to Tas.)"	"Allocasuarina verticillata"
200	"Articles 8–13 mm long, 0.8–0.9 mm diam.; anther 0.8–1.2 mm long (W.A.)"	"Allocasuarina huegeliana"
201	"Monoecious; male bracteoles persistent; male spikes dense, 7 or 8 whorls per cm; articles 1–1.8 mm diam."	"Allocasuarina spinosissima"
201	Dioecious	202
202	"Male bracteoles deciduous; male spikes with 5–8 whorls per cm; articles 1.0–2.0 mm diam. (S.A., Qld to Vic.)"	"Allocasuarina luehmannii"
202	"Male bracteoles persistent; male spikes usually less dense, with 3.5–6 whorls per cm; articles 0.7–1.2 mm diam. (W.A.)"	"Allocasuarina acutivalvis"
203	"Articles 20–52 mm long"	204
203	"Articles less than 20 mm long"	207
204	"Teeth overlapping, 7–10 (Qld, N.S.W.)"	"Allocasuarina rigida"
204	"Teeth not overlapping"	205
205	"Teeth 0.6–1 mm long, 10–12 (W.A.)"	"Allocasuarina globosa"
205	"Teeth 1.1–3 mm long"	206
206	"Teeth 10–12; phyllichnia flat to slightly rounded (W.A.)"	"Allocasuarina scleroclada"
206	"Teeth 7–10; phyllichnia strongly rounded (Tas.)"	"Allocasuarina crassa"
207	"Teeth 1.5–3.5 mm long, not overlapping"	208
207	"Teeth less than 1.5 mm long"	210
208	"Phyllichnia angular; articles glabrous, 0.9–1.1 mm diam. (W.A.)"	"Allocasuarina trichodon"
208	"Phyllichnia rounded, occasionally only slightly so"	209
209	"Phyllichnia rounded, if only slightly so then furrows densely pubescent; articles 0.7–1.3 mm diam. (S.A., Vic.)"	"Allocasuarina mackliniana"
209	"Phyllichnia strongly rounded; articles pubescent in furrows, 1.2–2 mm diam. (Tas.)"	"Allocasuarina crassa"
210	"Phyllichnia flat or slightly broadly rounded"	211
210	"Phyllichnia angular or strongly rounded"	215
211	"Teeth overlapping; articles without a waxy coating or bloom (S.A., Vic.)"	"Allocasuarina mackliniana"
211	"Teeth not overlapping; articles mostly with a waxy coating (W.A.)"	212
212	"Articles 17–28 mm long; teeth 10–12"	"Allocasuarina globosa"
212	"Articles 6–8 mm long; teeth 8–10"	213
213	"Male spikes with 10–16 whorls per cm"	"Allocasuarina corniculata"
213	"Male spikes with 7–11 whorls per cm"	214
214	"Articles with a small but definite median ridge on phyllichnia"	"Allocasuarina campestris"
214	"Articles without a ridge on phyllichnia"	"Allocasuarina eriochlamys"
215	"Male spikes moniliform; teeth erect"	216
215	"Male spikes usually dense, occasionally moniliform but then teeth recurved to spreading"	218
216	"Teeth recurved to spreading, mostly marcescent (Qld, N.S.W.)"	"Allocasuarina rigida"
216	"Teeth erect to spreading, mostly not marcescent (Tas.)"	217
217	"Usually dioecious; phyllichnia angular"	"Allocasuarina zephyrea"
217	"Usually monoecious; phyllichnia rounded (strongly to slightly so)"	"Allocasuarina monilifera"
218	"Teeth marcescent"	219
218	"Teeth generally not marcescent"	223
219	"Teeth erect, not overlapping (W.A.)"	220
219	"Teeth recurved to spreading, usually overlapping"	221
220	"Anther broader than long; male spikes with 7–8 whorls per cm"	"Allocasuarina tessellata"
220	"Anther longer than broad; male spikes with 8.5–11 whorls per cm"	"Allocasuarina campestris"
221	"Male spikes with 6–9 whorls per cm (S.A., Vic.)"	"Allocasuarina mackliniana"
221	"Male spikes with 4–6.5 whorls per cm"	222
222	"Articles 10–25 mm long (Qld, N.S.W.)"	"Allocasuarina rigida"
222	"Articles 6–14 mm long (Vic.)"	"Allocasuarina paradoxa"
223	"Anther 0.5–0.8 mm long; teeth broadly to narrowly deltoid"	"Allocasuarina diminuta"
223	"Anther 0.7–1.2 mm long; teeth narrowly deltoid"	224
224	"Anther 0.8–1.2 mm long (N.S.W.)"	"Allocasuarina ophiolitica"
224	"Anther 0.7–0.9 mm long (Tas.)"	"Allocasuarina zephyrea"