1 "Leaves with conspicuous midrib but no distinctive secondary veins; midrib not continuing into leaf sheath; leaf sheath never white-waxy" 2 1 "Leaves with conspicuous midrib and secondary veins between midrib and leaf edge; midrib continuing into leaf sheath; leaf sheath white-waxy" 3 2 "Leaf blades droop from just above sheath, most leaf tips on ground; leaf sheaths and culms usually densely hairy on mature plants; flower heads purple at first, fading to dirty brown, emerging from mid-January to early March; all plants female" "C. jubata" 2 "Leaf blades erect and arching; most leaf tips above ground, leaf sheath and culms glabrous or sparsely hairy; flower heads white, cream, pink, or purplish, emerging from early March to late April; plants female or hermaphrodite" "C. selloana" 3 "Leaf-sheath with long hairs, all flowers bisexual (stamens and pistils)" "C. turbaria" 3 "Leaf-sheath glabrous; flowers on separate plants all bisexual (stamens and pistils) or only female (stamens still present, but sterile)" 4 4 "Midrib not conspicuously long hairy above ligule" 5 4 "Midrib conspicuously long hairy above ligule" 6 5 "Leaves 1.5-4 cm wide with scattered long hairs on adaxial (upper) surface; flower heads nodding with long pendant branches; glumes 10-20 mm long; widespread in North Island" "C. fulvida" 5 "Leaves 1-2 cm wide, long hairs absent on adaxial (upper) surface; flower heads narrow with shorter, stiffer branches; glumes 16-35 mm; widespread in South Island, Stewart Island" "C. richardii" 6 "Leaves very scabrid on margins and upper third of leaf; hairs above ligule spread across blade; flower head usually erect; glumes 15-24 mm" "C. toetoe" 6 "Leaves only slightly scabrid on margins and upper third of leaf; hairs above ligule confined mainly to midrib; flower head erect or nodding; glumes 22-50 mm long" "C. splendens"