1	"Heads discoid"	2
1	"Heads radiate, some with rays barely exceeding phyllaries"	4
2	"Plants < 15 cm, +- scapose; cauline leaves much reduced; heads generally < 5"	"Packera werneriifolia"
2	"Plants generally > 15 cm; cauline leaves gradually reduced; heads generally > 5"	3
3	"Caudex taprooted; leaves thin; heads generally > 10, phyllaries deep green or +- red-tipped; generally below subalpine elevations"	"Packera indecora"
3	"Caudex weakly spreading and fibrous rooted; leaves thick, firm; heads generally 4--8, phyllaries deep red or green with +- red tips; often subalpine to alpine elevations"	"Packera pauciflora"
4	"Basal leaves +- pinnately lobed"	5
4	"Basal leaves with margins various but not (or weakly) lobed"	11
5	"Herbage glabrous or at most sparsely and irregularly hairy when young"	6
5	"Herbage generally hairy or becoming glabrous near flower time"	8
6	"Caudex taprooted; peduncle conspicuously bracted; plants in SN and e"	"Packera multilobata"
6	"Caudex fibrous rooted; peduncle not bracted or bracts inconspicuous; plants west of SNH"	7
7	"Plants stout or slender, generally < 50 cm; basal leaves with 1--3 pairs of lateral lobes, terminal lobes +- round, ultimate margins evenly, regularly incised, sinuses rounded, bases +- cordate; heads (3)8--15+"	"Packera bolanderi var. bolanderi"
7	"Plants large, robust, generally > 50 cm; basal leaves with 2--6+ pairs of lateral lobes, terminal lobes ovate to oblong, ultimate margins irregularly incised, bases tapered; heads 15--50+"	"Packera breweri"
8	"Heads generally 3--6; plants generally <= 3 dm; basal leaves generally <= 3 cm, with 1--3 pairs of lateral lobes"	"Packera ionophylla"
8	"Heads 5--30+; plants 2--5+ dm; basal leaves generally > 4 cm, with 2--6 pairs of lateral lobes"	9
9	"Basal leaves persistent; heads small, rays 7--10 mm; herbage evenly but lightly hairy"	"Packera multilobata"
9	"Basal leaves withering before flower; heads large, rays 10--15 mm; herbage densely hairy to becoming glabrous with age"	10
10	"Leaves irregularly lobed or dissected, lateral lobes coarsely dentate, midribs winged; disturbed sites, woodland, roadsides"	"Packera eurycephala var. eurycephala"
10	"Leaf margins finely dissected, lateral lobes also dissected, midribs not winged; serpentine soils, rocky sites"	"Packera eurycephala var. lewisrosei"
11	"Herbage hairy to becoming glabrous at flower time"	12
11	"Herbage glabrous or at most tomentose to woolly at flower on proximal stem, in leaf axils and/or at bases of heads"	18
12	"Rays red-orange; heads generally 1--3; plants generally on serpentine"	"Packera greenei"
12	"Rays yellow; heads 2--many; plants of various soils"	13
13	"Basal leaves round to widely ovate, obovate or spoon-shaped, petiole >> blade"	14
13	"Basal leaves ovate, elliptic, lanceolate, oblanceolate or narrowly spoon-shaped, petiole < or > blade"	15
14	"Fruit 0.7--1 mm; phyllaries 6--8 mm; disk flowers 35--50+"	"Packera bernardina"
14	"Fruit 2--2.5 mm; phyllaries 7--10 mm; disk flowers 60--75+"	"Packera ionophylla"
15	"Plants generally 7--15 cm; heads generally < 5"	"Packera werneriifolia"
15	"Plants 10--70+ cm; heads >= 5"	16
16	"Herbage sparsely tomentose, becoming glabrous; ray 12--16 mm, plants only on serpentine"	"Packera layneae"
16	"Herbage canescent, woolly, or densely tomentose, sometimes becoming glabrous; ray 8--10+ mm, plants of various habitats"	17
17	"Leaves ovate, elliptic, or widely lanceolate; phyllaries tomentose, fruit 2.5--3.5+ mm"	"Packera cana"
17	"Leaves lanceolate to oblanceolate; phyllaries glabrous, fruit 1.5--2 mm"	"Packera macounii"
18	"Leaves thick, firm, glaucous"	"Packera clevelandii"
18	"Leaves thick or thin, glabrous to sparsely tomentose"	19
19	"Heads 6--20+"	20
19	"Heads 1--6(8)"	22
20	"Leaves widely lanceolate to +- hastate, margins sharply dentate, plants 5--7+ dm; heads 12--20+, phyllaries light green"	"Packera pseudaurea var. pseudaurea"
20	"Leaves ovate, elliptic, oblanceolate, spoon-shaped, oblong or +- reniform, margins entire to dentate or weakly lobed, plants 1--8 dm; heads 6--20+, phyllaries dark green often red-tipped"	21
21	"Caudex taprooted; leaves not noticeably firm; heads generally eradiate or with ray 3--5 mm"	"Packera indecora"
21	"Caudex stout and fibrous-rooted; leaves +- thick, firm; heads radiate, ray 5--10 mm"	"Packera streptanthifolia var. streptanthifolia"
22	"Leaves reniform to +- round; plants only in recently burned chaparral on gabbroic soils"	"Packera ganderi"
22	"Leaves elliptic, ovate, oblanceolate, obovate, spoon-shaped, or at most +- reniform; plants of various habitats, but not in chaparral"	23
23	"Ray 5--7 mm, deep orange-yellow; heads generally > 4"	"Packera pauciflora"
23	"Ray 6--12+ mm, yellow; heads generally 1--4"	24
24	"Phyllaries densely tomentose; head (1)4; ray 6--10+ mm"	"Packera hesperia"
24	"Phyllaries glabrous; head 1(3); ray 7--12+ mm"	"Packera subnuda var. subnuda"