1	"Flowers 1, arising from axils of slender stolons"	2
1	"Flowers in cymes; stolons 0"	4
2	"Leaf palmate"	"Potentilla anglica"
2	"Leaf pinnate"	3
3	"Leaf 3--15 cm, generally densely hairy adaxially; pedicel generally 2--7 cm; 1200--2600 m; SNH, SnBr, GB"	"Potentilla anserina subsp. anserina"
3	"Leaf 3--50(75) cm, +- glabrous adaxially; pedicel generally 5--30 cm; generally < 150 m; NCo, CCo, SCo"	"Potentilla anserina subsp. pacifica"
4	"Styles < or +- 1 mm, tapered from rough-thickened base to tip; petals variable"	5
4	"Styles >= 1 mm, +- slender (except <i>Potentilla recta</i>); petals +- obcordate, > sepals"	12
5	"Perennial herb; basal leaves generally present in flower; leaflet margins +- rolled under; rocky alpine barrens and meadows, > 2700 m"	6
5	"Annual or biennial (to short-lived perennial herb); basal leaves often withered or fallen in flower; leaflet margins flat; generally moist or disturbed areas, < 3100 m"	8
6	"Leaf +- palmate; leaflets +- 5, toothed > 3/4 to midvein"	"Potentilla pseudosericea"
6	"Leaf +- pinnate; leaflets generally 5--13, toothed +- 3/4 to midvein"	7
7	"Leaflets generally 2--3 per side; petiole generally +- = blade; hypanthium bractlets < sepals, flat"	"Potentilla jepsonii"
7	"Leaflets 3--6 per side; petiole generally < blade; hypanthium bractlets generally +- = sepals, margins +- rolled-up"	"Potentilla pensylvanica"
8	"Leaf pinnate, leaflets 9--17; petals > sepals, cream, +- obcordate --- leaflets toothed > 1/2 to midvein; MP"	"Potentilla newberryi"
8	"Leaf ternate or +- palmate, leaflets 3--7; petals < sepals (except <i>Potentilla recta</i>), yellow (occasionally fading white), generally elliptic to obovate"	9
9	"St-base hairs generally +- dense, glandular or not, < 1 mm, spreading or not; petals <= 2.5 mm; hypanthium generally 2--4 mm wide; fruit smooth, < 1 mm, +- white or light brown"	10
9	"St-base hairs sparse, glandless, < 2 mm, spreading; petals >= 3 mm; hypanthium 3--10 mm wide; fruit veined, +- 1--1.5 mm, +- brown"	11
10	"Stem hairs glandular and not; leaflets 3, +- obovate; petals oblanceolate-elliptic"	"Potentilla biennis"
10	"Stem hairs glandless; leaflets 3--5, oblanceolate to elliptic; petals obovate-elliptic"	"Potentilla rivalis"
11	"Leaflets generally 3; petals 3--4 mm; anthers +- 0.3 mm; annual to short-lived perennial herb"	"Potentilla norvegica"
11	"Leaflets generally 6--7; petals 6--9 mm; anthers +- 1 mm; short-lived perennial herb"	"Potentilla recta"
12	"Leaflets 3; inflorescence generally < 7-flowered (see also <i>Fragaria</i>, <i>Sibbaldia</i>)"	13
12	"Leaflets > 3; inflorescence generally > 7-flowered (except <i>Potentilla hickmanii</i>)"	15
13	"Leaflets secondarily lobed as well as toothed +- 1/2 to base, sparsely hairy; styles +- rough-thickened at base; KR"	"Potentilla cristae"
13	"Leaflets only toothed, not secondarily lobed, +- nonglandular; styles slender throughout; KR, CaRH, SNH"	14
14	"Teeth of central leaflet generally 7--15, generally uneven, +- 1/4 to midvein; pedicel 10--20 mm; pistils > +- 20; stem +- glabrous or sparsely spreading-hairy; KR, CaRH, SNH"	"Potentilla flabellifolia"
14	"Teeth of central leaflet +- 7, even, 1/4--1/2 to midvein; pedicel 10--40 mm; pistils < +- 20; stem sparsely strigose; SNH"	"Potentilla grayi"
15	"Leaf pinnate to subpalmate (see also <i>Horkelia</i>, <i>Horkeliella</i>, <i>Ivesia</i>)"	16
15	"Leaf (sub)palmate"	25
16	"Annual to short-lived perennial herb; petals cream; style 1--1.5 mm; fruit veined --- receding shorelines; MP"	"Potentilla newberryi"
16	"Perennial herb; petals yellow; style generally > 1.5 mm; fruit generally smooth"	17
17	"Leaf densely white-tomentose abaxially, +- green and strigose adaxially; style +- 1.5--2 mm --- alpine barrens; c SNH, n W&I"	"Potentilla morefieldii"
17	"Leaf hairs +- similar adaxially and abaxially (but hairs often denser abaxially); style 2--3.5 mm"	18
18	"Basal leaf < 1/2 stem; pedicel +- straight in fruit; 1100--3700 m"	19
18	"Basal leaf generally > 1/2 stem; pedicel generally +- recurved in fruit; < 2000 m"	21
19	"Petiole generally < blade, cottony-hairy; leaflets 3--7 per side, +- overlapped, palmately toothed > 1/2 to midvein --- generally cottony-hairy throughout"	"Potentilla breweri"
19	"Petiole generally > blade, glabrous to shaggy-hairy; leaflets generally 2--4 per side, occasionally separated, pinnately toothed +- 1/2 to midvein, occasionally split to base"	20
20	"Leaflets generally gray-hairy, +- overlapped; petiole generally dense-shaggy- or cottony-hairy"	"Potentilla bruceae"
20	"Leaflets generally green, glabrous to +- straight-hairy, generally separated; petiole glabrous or strigose"	"Potentilla drummondii"
21	"Leaflets entire or 2--3-toothed or lobed > 1/2 to midvein, larger 5--10 mm --- MP"	"Potentilla basaltica"
21	"Leaflets 2--10-toothed +- 1/2 or more to midvein, larger 5--22 mm"	22
22	"Leaflets 5--13 per side, 3--10(--15)-toothed 2/3 to nearly to midvein; pistils +/- 10--30; inland"	23
22	"Leaflets 3--8 per side, 2--6 toothed +- 1/2--2/3 (rarely more) to midvein; pistils (2)5--15; coastal"	24
23	"Stem 5--20 cm; leaf 2--15 cm, petiole generally < blade; CaRH, ne-most SNH, GB; 900--2000 m"	"Potentilla millefolia"
23	"Stem 25--50 cm; leaf 15--32 cm, petiole generally +- = blade; s NCoRO/SnFrB; 30--40 m"	"Potentilla uliginosa"
24	"Lateral leaflets toothed 1/2--2/3 (rarely more) to midvein; stem 5--25 cm; c CCo"	"Potentilla hickmanii"
24	"Lateral leaflets toothed +- 1/2 to midvein; stem 20--50(70) cm; c SCo"	"Potentilla multijuga"
25	"Stem +- prostrate or hanging, generally <= 25 cm; pedicels generally +- recurved in fruit; leaflet teeth < 11 --- > 1800 m, s CA-FP, n W&I"	26
25	"Stem +- ascending to erect, generally 10--100 cm; pedicels +- straight; leaflet teeth often > 10"	28
26	"Leaflets white-tomentose abaxially, +- green and strigose adaxially; n W&I"	"Potentilla concinna var. proxima"
26	"Leaflet surfaces +- equally strigose; s CA-FP"	27
27	"Plant hanging from granite crevices; pistils generally 5--20; fruit +- smooth; pedicels generally > 15 mm; SnJt"	"Potentilla rimicola"
27	"Plant rosetted to tufted in sandy soil; pistils generally > 15; fruit +- veined; pedicels generally < 15 mm; s SNH, SnBr, SnJt"	"Potentilla wheeleri"
28	"Leaflets distally 3--7(9)-toothed, glabrous (except margins, veins), glaucous (at least when fresh)"	"Potentilla glaucophylla var. glaucophylla"
28	"Leaflets evenly 7--35-toothed, generally +- hairy, green to white"	29
29	"Leaflets toothed > 3/4 to midvein; stem and petiole hairs generally appressed"	30
29	"Leaflets toothed +- 1/2 or less to midvein; stem and petiole hairs spreading to appressed"	31
30	"Longest petiole generally 5--10 cm; central leaflet 2--6 cm, teeth often narrowest at base, entire; petals 5--8 mm; SNH, Teh, TR, SnJt, SNE"	"Potentilla gracilis var. elmeri"
30	"Longest petiole generally 10--25 cm; central leaflet 5--9 cm, teeth generally widest at base, often secondarily few-toothed; petals 7--10 mm; MP"	"Potentilla gracilis var. flabelliformis"
31	"Stem (and petioles) shaggy- to cottony-hairy; leaves often subpalmate, leaflets often irregularly deeply lobed as well as toothed"	"Potentilla bruceae"
31	"Stem (and petioles) straight-hairy; leaves palmate, leaflets regularly toothed"	32
32	"Leaf surfaces strongly contrasting, +- white-tomentose abaxially, green, sparsely hairy adaxially; stem hairs generally spreading"	33
32	"Leaf surfaces similarly hairy, generally not white tomentose abaxially; stem hairs appressed to spreading"	34
33	"Glands generally 0 or hidden; nw KR, n NCoRO, CaRH; 120--1100 m"	"Potentilla gracilis var. gracilis"
33	"Glands generally abundant; n W&I, 3000--3100 m"	"Potentilla pulcherrima"
34	"Basal leaves generally prominent in flower; stem hairs of 1 length; fruit +- smooth; styles generally 1.5--2 mm, < 50"	"Potentilla gracilis var. fastigiata"
34	"Basal leaves generally fallen or withered in flower; stem hairs short- and long-spreading; fruit strong-veined; styles +- 1 mm, generally > 50"	"Potentilla recta"