1 "Spines or prickles present." 2 1 "Spines or prickles absent." 4 2 "Shrubs, vines or scramblers with simple recurved prickles; leaves bipinnate." Caesalpinia 2 "Erect trees or shrubs with branched or simple straight spines; leaves bipinnate and/or pinnate." 3 3 "Spines usually >2 cm long; leaflets >10 mm long, not caducous; rachis terete; petals <5 mm long; pods >15 cm long." Gleditsia 3 "Spines <2 cm long; leaflets <5 mm long, often caducous; rachis flattened, 2–3 mm wide; petals c. 10 mm long; pods <10 cm long." Parkinsonia 4 "Leaves bipinnate." 5 4 "Leaves pinnately or palmately compound (leaflets 1-many) or rarely simple or reduced to phyllodes." 6 5 "Pods >20 cm long; stipules usually pinnate, 5–10 mm long; petals 2–3 cm long, stamens >7 cm long and strongly exserted." Delonix 5 "Pods <10 cm long; stipules ovate, 3–5 mm long; petals and stamens 5–7 cm long, stamens not exserted." Caesalpinia 6 "Leaves simple or apparently 1-foliolate, petiole about as long as lamina." Barklya 6 "Leaves pinnately or palmately compound, or if reduced to phyllodes or apparently simple then petiole much shorter than lamina." 7 7 "Leaves imparipinnate; fertile anthers 3; style flat and petal-like, forming a pouch over the ovary." Petalostylis 7 "Leaves paripinnate or reduced to phyllodes or leaflets 2 and venation palmate; other characters not as above." 8 8 "Leaflets 2, venation palmate; stigma peltate; stipe fused to floral tube." Bauhinia 8 "Characters not as above, or if leaflets 2 then venation not palmate." 9 9 "Flowers predominantly unisexual, small (sepals <2 mm long), arranged in many-flowered catkin-like racemes; petals absent, flowers reddish." Ceratonia 9 "Flowers bisexual, larger, in few- to many-flowered racemes; petals yellow, rarely spotted with red, >5 mm long." 10 10 "Floral bracteoles 2; stamens not bilaterally symmetric; pods elastically dehiscent with spirally coiled valves." Chamaecrista 10 "Floral bracteoles 1 or absent; stamens bilaterally symmetric; pods never elastically dehiscent." 11 11 "Inflorescences terminal; bracteoles 1; longest anther filaments S-curved, anthers versatile, never beaked; tree, rare, confined to rainforest." Cassia 11 "Inflorescences axillary; bracteoles absent; longest anther filaments C-curved, anthers basifixed, often some beaked; shrubs, subshrubs or herbs, widespread in open forest and shrubland." Senna