1	"Fruit a cluster of dehiscent follicles; trees, shrubs, subshrubs or herbs; stipules lacking or very small or falling early, if prominent the leaves pinnate or incisely lobed."	2
1	"Fruit an indehiscent pome; woody shrubs or small trees; leaves stipulate, though stipules often small or shed early."	3
2	"Plants herbaceous; leaves 2- or 3-ternate."	Aruncus
2	"Plants woody, or sometimes more or less herbaceous; leaves simple."	Spiraea
3	"Carpels bony in fruit, separable into pyrenes."	4
3	"Carpels membranous to leathery in fruit, not separable."	6
4	"Leaves simple, entire; branchlets never spiny; fruit 4–8 mm diam., seeds 2–5."	Cotoneaster
4	"Leaves toothed (at least obscurely so) or lobed; branchlets usually spiny; fruit 4–15 mm diam., seeds 1–5."	5
5	"Leaves evergreen, shallowly or obscurely toothed or crenate, petiole 0–8 mm; flowers less than 8 mm diam.; carpels with 2 ovules; fruit less than 10 mm diam., seeds 5."	Pyracantha
5	"Leaves deciduous or semideciduous, closely toothed to deeply and incisely lobed, petiole more than 10 mm long; flowers usually more than 10 mm diam.; carpels each with 1 ovule and 1 ovulode; fruit more than 10 mm diam., seeds 1–5."	Crataegus
6	"Leaves evergreen, simple, entire, shallowly toothed to regularly and sharply toothed."	7
6	"Leaves deciduous, compound or simple and finely toothed or pinnately lobed."	9
7	"Leaves >7.5 cm long and densely brownish woolly-tomentose on lower surface; inflorescences densely velvety-tomentose; fruit >15m diam."	Eriobotrya
7	"Leaves 3–17 cm long and glabrous, or almost so; inflorescences glabrous or almost so; fruit 5–10 mm diam."	8
8	"Leaves 3–8 cm long; fruit 5–10 mm diam., bluish."	Rhaphiolepis
8	"Leaves 9–17 cm long; fruit 5–6 mm diam., red."	Photinia
9	"Inflorescences umbellate or raceme-like; fruit more than 50 mm diam."	Malus
9	"Inflorescences branched, sometimes small and umbel-like; fruit c. 20 mm diam"	Sorbus