1	Trees.	2
1	"Shrubs or subshrubs, sometimes intertwined and tending to climb."	5
2	"Leaves white- or rusty-hairy below; fruit blackish."	Alphitonia
2	"Leaves green and glabrous on both surfaces; fruit yellowish, orange or brown."	3
3	"Leaves more or less lanceolate, alternate; fruit a winged nut."	Ventilago
3	"Leaves more or less ovate, opposite or alternate; fruit drupaceous, not winged."	4
4	"Petiole less than 15 mm long; leaves mostly opposite or nearly so; fruit orange to yellowish, peduncles not swollen."	Emmenosperma
4	"Petiole more than 15 mm long; leaves alternate; fruit brown, peduncles swollen."	Hovenia
5	"Leaves opposite, shed early; plants spiny."	Discaria
5	"Leaves alternate, not shed early; plants rarely spiny."	6
6	"Leaves glabrous and at least 5 mm wide."	7
6	"Leaves with at least some hairs on the lower surface or leaves less than 3 mm wide."	8
7	"Leaves lanceolate, trees often tending to climb in juvenile stages."	Ventilago
7	"Leaves elliptic to ovate, shrubs."	Rhamnus
8	"Hypanthium more or less fused to only the base of ovary, tubular and produced above the ovary and disc."	Cryptandra
8	"Hypanthium fused to ovary and disc, only sepals free above ovary."	9
9	"Flowers sessile in heads surrounded by persistent brown bracts; petals enclosing stamens."	Spyridium
9	"Flowers stalked, mostly in panicles or corymbs, rarely sessile in head-like clusters, floral bracts falling early, rarely remaining till flowers open; petals absent or if present not enclosing stamens"	Pomaderris