1	"Leaf simple, +- toothed; calyx lobes generally 2 (4 in some plants); fruit +- lanceolate in outline"	2
1	"Leaf (at least some) deeply lobed to compound; calyx lobes 5; fruit ovoid"	3
2	"Upper corolla lip hooded, not beaked; leaf +- doubly crenate; stem generally simple"	"Pedicularis crenulata"
2	"Upper corolla lip extended in a long, down-curved beak; leaf serrate to dentate; stem generally branched distally"	"Pedicularis racemosa"
3	"Proximal cauline leaf segments generally 3--5(11), ovate, entire to toothed, terminal >> lateral; basal leaves 0 at flower"	"Pedicularis howellii"
3	"Proximal cauline leaf segments > 5, serrate to divided, terminal segment not largest; basal leaves generally present at flower (except <i>Pedicularis bracteosa</i>)"	4
4	"Corolla not club-like, upper lip with a long, narrow beak"	5
4	"Corolla +- club-like, upper lip hooded, not beaked"	7
5	"Corolla white to +- yellow, upper lip 4--5.5 mm, beak curved downward, not like an elephant's trunk"	"Pedicularis contorta"
5	"Corolla pink to purple, upper lip 3.5--18 mm, beak curved upward, +- like an elephant's trunk"	6
6	"Inflorescence densely hairy; beak 3--5 mm; lower lip +- fan-like"	"Pedicularis attollens"
6	"Inflorescence +- glabrous; beak 6--13 mm; lateral lobes of lower lip resembling ears"	"Pedicularis groenlandica"
7	"Corolla deep red to red-purple (yellow to orange), lower lip +- 1/4 upper"	"Pedicularis densiflora"
7	"Corolla +- yellow or +- purple, lower lip generally >> 1/4 upper"	8
8	"Stem 30--110 cm; inflorescence > leaves; basal leaves generally 0 at flower; corolla +- yellow"	"Pedicularis bracteosa var. flavida"
8	"Stem <= 30 cm; inflorescence generally <= leaves; basal leaves present at flower; corolla +- yellow or +- purple"	9
9	"Corolla +- yellow, generally tinged red or tipped purple, hairy; filaments hairy"	"Pedicularis semibarbata"
9	"Corolla pink to +- purple, glabrous; filaments glabrous"	10
10	"Corolla 30--42 mm, pale purple, darker-tipped, lower lip > 1/2 upper, its lobes rounded, wavy-margined; leaf margin wavy, white, thickened"	"Pedicularis centranthera"
10	"Corolla 17--24 mm, pink or purple to purple-red, lower lip < upper, its lobes pointed, not wavy-margined; leaf margin not wavy, white, or thickened"	"Pedicularis dudleyi"