1 "Heads generally nearly sessile along well-developed side branches of flowering stems; ray white, purple-veined abaxially" 2 1 "Heads generally terminating elongate side branches of flowering stems or ± sessile in tight groups; ray white or yellow, purple-veined abaxially or not" 3 2 "Peduncle bracts and calyx-like bracts subtending head often much exceeding phyllaries; phyllaries 6–12 mm, tips generally > bodies; fruit width 0.5–0.6 × length" "Hemizonia congesta subsp. calyculata" 2 "Peduncle bracts not or barely exceeding phyllaries, calyx-like bracts subtending head 0; phyllaries 3–7 mm, tips generally < bodies; fruit width 0.6–0.75 × length" "Hemizonia congesta subsp. clevelandii" 3 "Leaves generally puberulent or minutely bristly or strigose and nonglandular, distal rarely long-soft-hairy and glandular; ray white, not purple-veined abaxially except NCo; heads in panicle-like cluster" "Hemizonia congesta subsp. tracyi" 3 "Leaves short-hairy, ± shaggy, or silky-hairy, all or distal glandular; ray white or yellow, purple-veined abaxially; heads in panicle-like cluster or in tight groups" 4 4 "Leaves ± shaggy, hairs at margins often longer on distal leaves; some or all heads generally in tight groups, sometimes in flat-topped or panicle-like cluster; phyllaries 6–10 mm, tips generally > bodies; ray white" "Hemizonia congesta subsp. congesta" 4 "Leaves short-hairy, ± shaggy, or silky-hairy, hairs at margins not notably longer on distal leaves; heads in panicle-like cluster; phyllaries 3–7(8) mm, tips generally < bodies; ray white or yellow" 5 5 "Ray yellow" "Hemizonia congesta subsp. lutescens" 5 "Ray white" "Hemizonia congesta subsp. luzulifolia"