1	"Flowers with distinct depressions (vesicles) in the hypanthium opposite the petals"	2
1	"Flowers lacking vesicles in the hypanthium"	3
2	"Flowers red; ovary densely pubescent"	"Xanthostemon youngii"
2	"Flowers greenish yellow; ovary glabrous"	"Xanthostemon formosus"
3	"Placenta projecting more or less horizontally into the loculus; ovules forming a complete ring"	4
3	"Placenta oblique to erect; ovules not forming a complete ring"	9
4	"Adult leaves opposite or in apparent whorls"	5
4	"Adult leaves alternate (sometimes, in X. whitei, with some branchlets bearing opposite leaves)"	7
5	"Leaves in apparent whorls of four"	"Xanthostemon verticillatus"
5	"Leaves opposite"	6
6	"Flowers white; ovary hairy; bark scaly"	"Xanthostemon oppositifolius"
6	"Flowers yellow; ovary glabrous; bark persistent, rugose"	"Xanthostemon xerophilus"
7	"Hypanthium not enclosing the fruit at the base"	"Xanthostemon whitei"
7	"Hypanthium partly enclosing the fruit"	8
8	"Petiole 4-7 mm long; lamina more than 10 cm long, elliptical to oblanceolate; flowers more or less glabrous"	"Xanthostemon chrysanthus"
8	"Petiole more than 8 mm long; lamina less than 10 cm long, obovate to elliptical; flowers puberulent"	"Xanthostemon arenarius"
9	"Petals narrowly spathulate; ovules attached part-way up the axis; seeds winged"	"Xanthostemon crenulatus"
9	"Petals ovate or elliptical; ovules attached at the apex of the placenta; seeds not winged"	10
10	"Adult leaves opposite"	"Xanthostemon umbrosus"
10	"Adult leaves alternate"	"Xanthostemon graniticus"