1	"Flowers in each cluster opening one after the other (or solitary); petals mostly obovate, usually erect, purple, red or pink, rarely white; filaments usually pink or red"	2
1	"Flowers in each cluster opening more or less together (or solitary); petals near round, spreading, mostly white or cream; filaments usually white"	11
2	"Stamens 10–15"	3
2	"Stamens about 20"	8
3	"Leaves with downy or shaggy hairs below; filaments pink (rarely red); fruit black (shrub to 3 m with 10 stamens and pink filaments)"	"Cotoneaster nitens"
3	"Leaves with a few closely pressed bristly hairs below; filaments dark red or pink; fruit orange or red"	4
4	"Branching irregular, the spreading branches rooting at the nodes; leaves thin, mostly wavy-edged; fruit round and fleshy"	5
4	"Branching regular, rarely rooting at nodes; leaves fairly thick, rarely wavy-edged; fruit rarely spherical, not succulent"	6
5	"Shrub to 30 cm tall"	"Cotoneaster adpressus"
5	"Shrub 50 cm to 1m tall"	"Cotoneaster atropurpureus"
6	"Fruit dark red"	"Cotoneaster divaricatus"
6	"Fruit orange-red"	7
7	"Leaves obovate, moderately thick, wavy-edged"	"Cotoneaster atropurpureus"
7	"Leaves round to elliptic, thick, flat"	"Cotoneaster horizontalis"
8	"Leaves with close-pressed bristly hairs below"	"Cotoneaster nitidus"
8	"Leaves with hair felted, shaggy or sparse below"	9
9	"Surface of the leaves flat (nutlets 2)"	"Cotoneaster zabelii"
9	"Surface of leaves blistered or wrinkled"	10
10	"Leaves to about 7 cm long, blistered, shiny, edges not recurved; anthers white; fruit red"	"Cotoneaster bullatus"
10	"Leaves 2–4 cm long, wrinkled; anthers pale purple; fruit orange to red"	"Cotoneaster franchetii"
11	"Leaf edges not recurved; flowers many per cyme; nutlets 2"	12
11	"Leaf edges usually recurved; flowers sometimes solitary or up to 7; nuts 2–5"	17
12	"Leaves thin, blades 10–15 cm long"	"Cotoneaster frigidus"
12	"Leaves thick, blade usually less than 5 cm long (rarely to 9 cm)"	13
13	"Leaves hairless; calyx lobes hairless"	"Cotoneaster glaucophyllus"
13	"Leaves persistently hairy below; calyx lobes hairy"	14
14	"Leaves less than 3 cm long; flowers to 12 per cluster"	"Cotoneaster pannosus"
14	"Leaves more than 3 cm long; flowers more than 12 per cluster"	15
15	"Leaves narrowly elliptic or narrowly obovate, more than twice as long as wide"	"Cotoneaster harrovianus"
15	"Leaves broadly elliptic or broadly obovate, less than twice as long as wide"	16
16	"Leaf veins inconspicuous; calyx sparsely hairy with long silky hairs"	"Cotoneaster serotinus"
16	"Leaf veins indented above, raised below; calyx with a felt of hair"	"Cotoneaster lacteus"
17	"Leaves to 10 cm long, upper surface wrinkled or with veins slightly grooved; nutlets 2–5"	18
17	"Leaves to 3 cm long, flat; nutlets 2"	20
18	"Erect shrub to 5 m tall; leaves to 10 cm long (elliptic-lanceolate, felty below)"	"Cotoneaster salicifolius"
18	"Prostrate, creeping shrub with rooting branches; leaves less than 3 cm long"	19
19	"Leaves to 3 cm long; nutlets mostly 5"	"Cotoneaster dammeri"
19	"Leaves less than 1.5 cm long; nutlets usually 4"	"Cotoneaster radicans"
20	"Upper surface of leaves pale green, dull"	"Cotoneaster congestus"
20	"Upper surface of leaves darkish, more or less shiny"	21
21	"Leaf blade narrow, 2–5 times as long as wide"	22
21	"Leaf blade broad, less than twice as long as wide"	23
22	"Leaves narrowly elliptic, upper surface slightly shiny, 5–20 mm long, glandular; fruit 7–9 mm wide"	"Cotoneaster conspicuus"
22	"Leaf shape not as above, upper surface very shiny, not glandular, to 1.5 cm long; fruit 8–10 mm wide"	"Cotoneaster integrifolius"
23	"Shrub to 2 m tall; leaves to 2 cm long"	"Cotoneaster rotundifolius"
23	"Prostrate shrub to 50 cm tall, branches above the ground, leaves less than 1.5 cm long"	"Cotoneaster prostrates"