1	"Cypsela body grading gradually into the apical cone"	2
1	"Cypsela body changing abruptly or subabruptly to the apical cone"	39
2	"Receptacles hairy (Taraxacum sect. Wendelboa)"	"Taraxacum obtusum"
2	"Receptacles glabrous"	3
3	"Outer phyllaries clearly bicolored, having broad, white scarious margins and dark green to blackish central veins"	4
3	"Outer phyllaries more less evenly coloured, even those with scarious margins"	14
4	"Plants of saline and subsaline habitats, with dense brownish hairs at the base; involucres about 6 mm in diameter at the base; outer phyllaries linear to linear-lanceolate; cypsela cones 0.5-1.6 mm long, subcylindrical; beaks 2.5-5.5 mm long; pappuses brownish-yellow to brownish pink (Taraxacum  sect. Piesis)"	5
4	"Plants of salpine or subalpine meadows, sparsely hairy or glabrous at the base; involucres 7-10 mm in diameter at the base; outer phyllaries lanceolate to ovate; cypsela cones 0.4-0.6 mm lng, conical to subconical; beaks 1-8 mm long; pappuses white (Taraxacum sect. Orientalia)"	6
5	"Outer phyllaries tightly to loosely appressed, smooth to minutely corniculate; cypsela cones 1-1.7 mm long; pappuses pinkish-brown"	"Taraxacum bessarabicum"
5	"Outer phyllaries loosely appressed, patent, or arcuate, corniculate; cypsela cones 0.4-1 mm long; papuses creamy, rarely pinkish"	"Taraxacum stenopetalum"
6	"Anthers sterile, without pollen"	"Taraxacum tricolor"
6	"Anthers with pollen"	7
7	"Cypselas with scaly, blunt spinules"	"Taraxacum amblylepidocarpum"
7	"Cypselas with glabrous, acute spinules"	8
8	"Stigmas yellowish to yellow, dull yellow or brownish when dry"	9
8	"Stigmas black, rarely yellowish black, when dry"	11
9	"Leaves entire or sparsely denticulate, oblanceolate or lanceolate, less than 1 cm wide"	"Taraxacum baltistanicum"
9	"Leaves lobed, more than 1 cm wide"	10
10	"Cypselas, including cone, 4-5 mm long, brownish red; pappuses snowy white"	"Taraxacum canum"
10	"Cypselas, including code, about 6 mm long, straw-colored; pappus white"	"Taraxacum melleum"
11	"Leaves small, narrow, entire to denticulate"	12
11	"Leaves larger, broader, lobed"	13
12	"Plants herbs 1.5-6 cm tall; leaves 2-5 cm long, 0.3-0.9 cm wide; cypselas with prominent tubercles distally; cypsela cones about 0.4 mm long; cypsela beaks distinctly different from cone"	"Taraxacum tzvelevii"
12	"Plants herbs 5-20 cm tall; leaves at least 2-15 cm long, 0.3-2.5 cm wide; cypselas with coalescing tubercles distally, cones about 1.5 mm long, and beaks that are indistinctly separated from the cone"	"Taraxacum stevenii"
13	"Outer phyllaries ciliolate and green punctate; outer ligules pinkish with brownish-violet stripes externally"	"Taraxacum wendelboanum"
13	"Outer phyllaries glabrous and smooth; outer ligules yellowish with greenish stripes externally"	"Taraxacum pubens"
14	"Cypselas smooth or with a few spinules distally"	15
14	"Cypselas with many spinules distally"	20
15	"Cypsela beaks 4-6.5 mm long (Taraxacum sect. Atrata)"	"Taraxacum subglaciale"
15	"Cypsela beaks 0.5-4 mm long"	16
16	"Outer phyllaries linear-lanceolate (Taraxacum sect. Primigenia)"	"Taraxacum primagenium"
16	"Outer phyllaries ovate to narrowly lanceolate (Taraxacum sect. Oligantha)"	17
17	"Plants densely hairy; anthers polliniferous"	18
17	"Plants glabrous; anthers not polliniferous"	19
18	"Outer phyllaries ovate, 10-12 mm long; cypselas 5.5-6 mm long; beaks 0.5-1 mm long"	"Taraxacum brevirostre"
18	"Outer phyllaries lanceolate, 3-4 mm long; cypselas about 5 mm longl beaks 1.2-1.8 mm long"	"Taraxacum erioscapum"
19	"Phyllaries black, outer and inner phyllaries amost equal in length; cypselas not papillose"	"Taraxacum zamarrudae"
19	"Phyllaries brownish-green, the longer outer phyllaries about half the length of the inner phyllaries; cypselas papillose distally"	"Taraxacum masehracum"
20	"Petioles broadly winged; outer phyllaries greenish (Taraxacum sect. Parvula)"	21
20	"Petioles not or narrowly winged; outer phyllaries green to dark green for most of their length, suffused with purple near the tip"	28
21	"Scapes 14 or more per plant"	22
21	"Scapes 3-8 per plant"	23
22	"Outer phyllaries recurved, both outer and inner phyllaries corniculate or cornute; scapes 1-2 mm thick; cypsela beaks 10-13 mm long; petioles narrowly winged"	"Taraxacum alii"
22	"Outer phyllaries appressed, all phyllaries smooth; scapes 1-4 mm thick; cypsela beaks 8-10 mm long; petioles broadly winged"	"Taraxacum janalamii"
23	"Cypselas (including cone) 6-6.5 mm long; beaks 7-12 mm long"	"Taraxacum longicarpum"
23	"Cypselas (including cone) 4.5-5 mm long; beaks 3-8 mm long"	24
24	"Leaves usually obtuse; scapes 2-3 times longer than the leaves; pappus hairs barbellate"	"Taraxacum rawalpindicum"
24	"Leaves acute or obtuse; scapes from slightly shorter to slightly longer than the leaves; pappus hairs scabrous"	25
25	"Leaves grey-green with yellowish or brownish petioles"	"Taraxacum parvulum"
25	"Leaves grass-green or greyish green with pink or purple petioles"	26
26	"Leaves obtuse, oblanceolate, dentate to slightly lobed; pappuses white or creamish"	"Taraxacum banhyhalense"
26	"Leaves acute, linear lanceolate, deeply lobed, sinuses extending almost to the midvein; pappuses snowy white"	27
27	"Leaf lobes broad, runcinate; beaks about 8 mm long; pappuses about 7 mm long"	"Taraxacum aerum"
27	"Leaf lobes narrow, patent; beaks 4-5 mm long; pappuses about 4.5 mm long"	"Taraxacum elegans"
28	"Outer phyllaries 6-10 mm long, ovate to broadly ovate; cypsela beaks 6-10 mm long; cones narrow (Taraxacum sect. Palustria)"	"Taraxacum purpurei-petiolatum"
28	"Outer phyllaries 4-6 mm long, linear to lanceolate or ovate; cypsela beaks 2.5-7 mm long; cones thick (Taraxacum sect. Leucantha)"	29
29	"Anthers not producing pollen"	30
29	"Anthers pollen producing"	31
30	"Ligules white"	"Taraxacum candidatum"
30	"Ligules yellow"	"Taraxacum chitralense"
31	"Ligules white"	32
31	"Ligules yellow"	36
32	"Styles and stigmas yellow"	"Taraxacum pseudoleucanthum"
32	"Styles and stigmas greenish or blackish"	33
33	"Cypselas deep grey, 5.7-6.2 mm long; cypsela cones 1.4-1.8 mm long"	"Taraxacum virgineum"
33	"Cypselas greyish to straw-brown, 3.3-4.5 mm long; cones 0.7-1.2 mm long"	34
34	"Inner phyllaries callose to corniculate, puter phyllaries usually not imbricate; cypsela beaks 3-4.2 mm long"	"Taraxacum luridum"
34	"Inner phyllaries usually callose, outer phyllaries imbricate; cypsela beaks 5.5-7 mm long"	35
35	"Leaves usually hairy; young scapes densely hairy; outer phyllaries lanceolate to lanceolate ovate, 4.5-5.2 mm long, 1.5-2.6 mm wide; cypselas 3.3-3.8 mm long"	"Taraxacum dealbatum"
35	"Leaves glabrous or alomst so; scapes glabrous or sparsely hairy; outer phyllaries ovate to broadly ovate, 3.5-4 mm long, about 2.3 mm wide; cypselas 4-4.2 mm long"	"Taraxacum leucanthum"
36	"Leaf lobes denticulate; inner phyllaries 3-4 times longer than the longest outer phyllaries; cypsela cones 1.5-1.8 mm long; cypsela beaks about 9 mm long"	"Taraxacum quettacum"
36	"Leaf lobes entire; inner phyllaries 2-2.5 times long than the longest outer phyllaries; cypsela cones 0.7-1.3 mm long; cypsela beaks 2-6.5 mm long"	37
37	"Ligules tubulose to cuculate; cypsela beaks 2-3 mm long"	"Taraxacum armeriifolium"
37	"Ligules flat; cypselas 5-6.5 mm long"	38
38	"Styles and stigmas deep yellow; cypselas greyish; pappuses 6.5-7 mm long"	"Taraxacum sinicum"
38	"Styles and stigmas greyish-yellow; cypselas dull yell; pappuses 4-6 mm long"	"Taraxacum ladakense"
39	"Outer phyllaries dark green to blackish or black; styles and stigmas drying black (Taraxacum sect. Tibetana)"	40
39	"Outer phyllaries greenish to green; styles and stigmas usually yellow"	54
40	"Cypselas with blunt, broad spinules distally"	41
40	"Cypselas with sharp, acute spinules"	42
41	"Cypselas brown to straw-colored, 5-5.3 mm long; beaks 8-9 mm long"	"Taraxacum coronatum"
41	"Cypselas brownish-red, 3.8-4.6 mm long; beaks 4.5-5 mm long"	"Taraxacum nagaricum"
42	"Cypselas reddish to red"	43
42	"Cypselas brownish to stramineous"	45
43	"Involucres narrow, about 15 mm long and 7-8 mm wide; cypsela spinules partly recurved"	"Taraxacum heybroekii"
43	"Involucres broad, 6-11 mm wide; cypselas with straight spinules"	44
44	"Peduncles hairy distally; outer phyllaries marginate; outer ligules whitish inside and purple outside, inner ligules yellow"	"Taraxacum sikkense"
44	"Peduncles glabrous; outer phyllaries not marginate; all ligules yellow"	"Taraxacum apargiaeforme"
45	"Pappuses dull white to brownish"	46
45	"Pappuses white"	47
46	"Outer phyllaries usually recurved and suffused with purple"	"Taraxacum eriopodum"
46	"Outer phyllaries appressed, sometimes loosely so, not suffused with purple"	"Taraxacum nasirii"
47	"Plants brownish hairy"	48
47	"Plants white hairy"	49
48	"Outer phyllaries more or less ovate; ligules yellowish"	"Taraxacum tibetanum"
48	"Outer phyllaries more or less linear-lanceolate; ligules deep yellow to orange-yellow"	"Taraxacum kashmirense"
49	"Outer phyllaries not marginate"	50
49	"Outer phyllaries marginate"	51
50	"Outer phyllaries linear to linear-lanceolate, corniculate; capitula about 1.5 cm across; beaks shorter than 10 mm"	"Taraxacum pseudostenolepium"
50	"Outer phyllaries ovate, not corniculate; capitula about 2.5 cm across; beaks about 10 mm long"	"Taraxacum nigrum"
51	"Outer phyllaries corniculate"	"Taraxacum pseudostevenii"
51	"Outer phyllaries not corniculate"	52
52	"Outer phyllaries recurved"	"Taraxacum rorippa"
52	"Outer phyllaries appressed, sometimes loosely so, not suffused with purple"	53
53	"Plants hairy, 8-12 cm tall; cypselas, including the cone, about 4 mm long; cones about 0.5 mm long"	"Taraxacum aurorum"
53	"Plants glabrous, about 20 cm tall; cypselas, including the cone, about 6 mm long; cones abut 1 mm long"	"Taraxacum stewartii"
54	"Outer phyllaries slightly cordate or rounded at the base (Taraxacum sect. Kashmiriana)"	55
54	"Outer phyllaries truncate or attenuate at the base"	72
55	"Anthers not polliniferous"	"Taraxacum phoenicolepis"
55	"Anthers polliniferous"	56
56	"Beaks 13-15 mm long"	"Taraxacum squarrosiceps"
56	"Beaks 5-10 mm long"	57
57	"Cypselas at or just before maturity brick-red, reddish, orangish, brown or dull yellow"	58
57	"Cypselas at or just before maturity straw-colored to brownish"	65
58	"Leaves blue-green, suffused with purple or with a metallic, shining purple midvein; pappuses snowy white"	59
58	"Leaves green or greyish, midvens usually green; pappuses white"	60
59	"Cypselas brick-red, somewhat gradually tapering to cone"	"Taraxacum vulpinum"
59	"Cypselas dull-yellow to reddish or dark brown, abruptly narrowing to the cone"	"Taraxacum fulvobrunneum"
60	"Involvucres about 10 mm tall, 6-7 mm wide; cypselas about 3 mm long; beaks about 5 mm long"	"Taraxacum flavum"
60	"Involucres 10-15 mm tall, 15-17 mm wide; cypselas 3.2-4.5 mm long; beaks 5-12 mm long"	61
61	"Cypsela beaks 10-12 mm long"	"Taraxacum azzizii"
61	"Cypsela beaks 5-8 mm long"	62
62	"Cypselas at maturity dull yellow, dark brown, or reddish brown; cones about 0,5 mm long"	"Taraxacum fulvescens"
62	"Cypselas brownish at maturity; cones 0.8-1.2 mm long"	63
63	"Petioles pinkish; outer phyllaries 1-1.2 mm wide, linear to linear-lanceolate; cypselas 4.5-4.7 mm long including the 1-1.2 mm long cone; beaks about 5 mm long"	"Taraxacum pseudoeriopodum"
63	"Petioles brown or purple; outer phyllaries 2-3 mm wide, ovate; cypselas about 4 mm long, including the about 0.8 mm long cone; beaks 6-7 mm long"	64
64	"Outer phyllaries about 6 mm long, ovate; capitula about 2.5 cm across; ligules bright yellow"	"Taraxacum hooftii"
64	"Outer phyllaries about 10 mm long, lanceolate; capitula about 3 cm across; ligules deep yellow"	"Taraxacum stereodiforme"
65	"Cypsela cones about 1.8 mm long"	"Taraxacum sherriffii"
65	"Cypsela cones 0.4-1 mm long"	66
66	"Outer ligules not striate"	"Taraxacum pseudotenebristylum"
66	"Outer ligules striate"	67
67	"Outer phyllaries asymmetric; stigmas bright yellow"	"Taraxacum latibase"
67	"Outer phyllaries symmetric; stigmas greenish to dull yellow"	68
68	"Leaves with patent, obtuse lobes; outer phyllaries inconspicuously marginate"	"Taraxacum elegantiforme"
68	"Leaves with runcinate, acute lobes; outer phyllaries usually marginate"	69
69	"Cypselas, including the cone, about 5 mm long; beaks about 10 mm long; leaves with purple midveins and petioles"	"Taraxacum gulmargense"
69	"Cypselas, including the cone, 3.3-4 mm long; beaks 5-8 mm long; leaves with pink petioles"	70
70	"Cypselas, including the cone, about 3.3 mm long; beaks about 8 mm long"	"Taraxacum brachyglossioides"
70	"Cypselas, including the cone, 4-4.5 mm long; beaks 5-6 mm long"	71
71	"Capitula 1.2-1.8 cm across; stigmas yellow or greenish to brownish or brown; involucres 10-12 mm tall and 7-14 mm wide"	"Taraxacum barbajan-singhii"
71	"Capitula about 2.5 cm across; stigmas drying blackings; involucres about 10 mm tall and 10-12 mm wide"	"Taraxacum tenebristylum"
72	"Outer phyllaries often toothed, callused or flat at the top (Taraxacum sect. Qaisera)"	73
72	"Outer phyllaries entire, callused or corniculate the time"	74
73	"Leaf lateral lobes recurved; outer phyllaries arcuate-patent; stigmas dark discoloured; beaks 7-8 mm long"	"Taraxacum qaiseri"
73	"Leaf lateral lobes patent; outer phyllaries loosely appressed; stigmas dirty yellow; beaks 4-5 mm long"	"Taraxacum xanthophyllum"
74	"Petioles broadly winged; scapes lateral, growing from the sides of the rosettes (Taraxacum sect. Borealia)"	75
74	"Petioles not or narrowly winged; scapes central, growing from the centres of the rosettes"	76
75	"Outer phyllaries deep green with a sharp transition into a whitish membranous border about 0.2 mm wide"	"Taraxacum karakoricum"
75	"Outer phyllaries with middle 0.5-1 mm blackish green to dark green with an abrupt transtion into apale green to whitish geen border 0.3-0.9 mm wide"	"Taraxacum tricuspidatum"
76	"Phyllaries corniculate towards the tip (Taraxacum sect Macrocornuta)"	77
76	"Phyllaries smooth"	88
77	"Plants with more than 40 leaves and 15-16 scapes"	"Taraxacum gilgitense"
77	"Plants with 10-20 leaves and up to 10 scapes"	78
78	"Anthers not polliniferous"	"Taraxacum neolobulatum"
78	"Anthers polliniferous"	79
79	"Outer ligules usually with pale pinkish or purplish stripes on the outer (abaxial) surface"	80
79	"Outer ligules with dark stripes on the outer (abaxial) surface"	81
80	"Plants with slender roots; petioles glabrous to sparsely hairy at the base"	"Taraxacum monochlamydeum"
80	"Plants with thick roots; petioles with dense, brownish hairs at the base"	"Taraxacum glaucanthos"
81	"Leaves with multicellular hairs; cypselas 4-5 mm long; stigmas drying black"	"Taraxacum khatoonae"
81	"Leaves glabrous or with unicellular hairs; cypselas 2.2-5 mm long; stigmas yellow or dull yellow"	82
82	"Cypselas 3.2-5 mm long; stigmas dull yellow when dry"	83
82	"Cypselas 2.2-3 mm long; stigmas yellow when dry"	85
83	"Cypselas 4-5 mm long; beaks 2.5-4.5 mm long"	"Taraxacum fedtschenkoi"
83	"Cypselas 3.2-3.7 mm long; beak 9 mm long"	84
84	"Cypselas organish; cypsela cones about 1.3 mm long"	"Taraxacum baluchistanicum"
84	"Cypselas reddish brown; cypsela cones about 0.3 mm long"	"Taraxacum pullocarpum"
85	"Leaves varying from the coarsely dentate inner leaves to lobed outer leaves, the lobes more or less entire"	"Taraxaum staintonii"
85	"Leaves lobed, all lobes coarsely dentate"	86
86	"Involucres 13-15 mm long, 10-12 mm wide; scapes 1-3 mm thick"	"Taraxacum afghanicum"
86	"Involucres 10-12 mm long, 6-8 mm wide; scapes about 0.7 mm thick"	87
87	"Outer phyllaries smooth to callose; cypsela cones 1-1.5 mm long; beaks 5-6 mm long; pappuses about 6 mm long, nearly equal to the beak"	"Taraxacum pseudowallichii"
87	"Outer phyllaries cornute; cypsela cones about 0.6 mm long; beaks 7-19 mm long; pappuses about 4 mm long, about 1/2 the length of the beak"	"Taraxacum wallichii"
88	"Outer phyllaries recurved, not marginate (Taraxacum sect. Taraxacum)"	89
88	"Outer phyllaries appressed to more or less arcuate-recurved; marginate"	94
89	"Leaf lobes densely dentate; outerphyllaries reddish"	"Taraxacum polyodon"
89	"Leaf lobes sparsely dentate; outer phyllaries green to tark green"	90
90	"Cypsela beaks about 12 mm long"	91
90	"Cypsela beaks 5-9 mm long"	92
91	"Leaf lobes about 2-3 cm long; phyllaries callose; cypsela cones about 7 mm long"	"Taraxacum pakistanicum"
91	"Leaf lobes aboth 4 cm long; phyllaries smooth; cypsela cones about 0.6 mm long"	"Taraxacum macrolepium"
92	"Stigmas black when dry"	"Taraxacum kjellmanniiforme"
92	"Stigmas yellow to brownish when dry"	93
93	"Leaves pinnatisect; ligules deep yellow; stigmas brownish when dry; cypselas straw-coloured"	"Taraxacum helianthum"
93	"Leaves pinnatifid; ligules yellow; stigmas dull yellow when dry; cypselas brownish"	"Taraxacum javanicum"
94	"Cypselas usually brown to reddish yellow or deep red (Taraxacum sect. Erythrocarpa)"	95
94	"Cypselas usually grayish-yellow-brown ((Taraxacum sect. Leucantha)"	97
95	"Leaves not spotted; styles and stigmas drying blackish to black; cypsela beaks 8-12 mm long"	"Taraxacum longirostre"
95	"Leaves spotted; styles and stigmas greenish or greenish-yellow when dry; cypsela beaks 7-8 mm long"	96
96	"Cypsela cones about 0.8 mm long"	"Taraxacum puberuum"
96	"Cypsela cones 1.5-2 mm long"	"Taraxacum pseudo-dissimile"
97	"Ligules white to yellow; outer phyllaries ovate to broadly ovate, loosely appressed to erect, 3.5-4 mm long, 2-3 mm wide; cypsela cones subcylindrical; pappuses white to yellowish"	98
97	"Ligules yellow; outer phyllaries lanceolate, tightly appressed, 4-6 mm long, 1-1.5 mm wide; cypsela cones cylindrical; pappuses brownish to brown (Taraxacum sect. Oligantha)"	108
98	"Anthers not producing pollen"	99
98	"Anthers pollen producing"	100
99	"Ligules white"	"Taraxacum candidatum"
99	"Ligules yellow"	"Taraxacum chitralense"
100	"Ligules white"	101
100	"Ligules yellow"	105
101	"Styles and stigmas yellow"	"Taraxacum pseudoleucanthum"
101	"Styles and stigmas greenish or blackish"	102
102	"Cypselas deep grey, 5.7-6.2 mm long; cypsela cones 1.4-1.8 mm long"	"Taraxacum virgineum"
102	"Cypselas greyish to straw-brown, 3.3-4.5 mm long; cones 0.7-1.2 mm long"	103
103	"Inner phyllaries callose to corniculate, puter phyllaries usually not imbricate; cypsela beaks 3-4.2 mm long"	"Taraxacum luridum"
103	"Inner phyllaries usually callose, outer phyllaries imbricate; cypsela beaks 5.5-7 mm long"	104
104	"Leaves usually hairy; young scapes densely hairy; outer phyllaries lanceolate to lanceolate ovate, 4.5-5.2 mm long, 1.5-2.6 mm wide; cypselas 3.3-3.8 mm long"	"Taraxacum dealbatum"
104	"Leaves glabrous or almst so; scapes glabrous or sparsely hairy; outer phyllaries ovate to broadly ovate, 3.5-4 mm long, about 2.3 mm wide; cypselas 4-4.2 mm long"	"Taraxacum leucanthum"
105	"Leaf lobes denticulate; inner phyllaries 3-4 times longer than the longest outer phyllaries; cypsela cones 1.5-1.8 mm long; cypsela beaks about 9 mm long"	"Taraxacum quettacum"
105	"Leaf lobes entire; inner phyllaries 2-2.5 times long than the longest outer phyllaries; cypsela cones 0.7-1.3 mm long; cypsela beaks 2-6.5 mm long"	106
106	"Ligules tubulose to cuculate; cypsela beaks 2-3 mm long"	"Taraxacum armeriifolium"
106	"Ligules flat; cypselas 5-6.5 mm long"	107
107	"Styles and stigmas deep yellow; cypselas greyish; pappuses 6.5-7 mm long"	"Taraxacum sinicum"
107	"Styles and stigmas greyish-yellow; cypselas dull yell; pappuses 4-6 mm long"	"Taraxacum ladakense"
108	"Plants densely hairy; anthers polliniferous"	109
108	"Plants glabrous; anthers not polliniferous"	110
109	"Outer phyllaries ovate, 10-12 mm long; cypselas 5.5-6 mm long; beaks 0.5-1 mm long"	"Taraxacum brevirostre"
109	"Outer phyllaries lanceolate, 3-4 mm long; cypselas about 5 mm longl beaks 1.2-1.8 mm long"	"Taraxacum erioscapum"
110	"Phyllaries black, outer and inner phyllaries amost equal in length; cypselas not papillose"	"Taraxacum zamarrudae"
110	"Phyllaries brownish-green, the longer outer phyllaries about half the length of the inner phyllaries; cypselas papillose distally"	"Taraxacum masehracum"