1	"Umbels apparently simple; plants prostrate herbs; carpophores lacking"	2
1	"Umbels usually compound, rarely simple on erect plants; flowers laxly arranged or in dense heads;flowers laxly arranged or in dense heads; plants prostrate to erect"	4
2	"Plants stellate pubescent"	"Bowlesia {Bowlesia incana}"
2	"Plants glabrous or pubescentl hairs simple"	3
3	"Leaves finely pubescent; involucres of 2 orbicular to oval bracts; fruits with 2 reticulated secondary dorsal ridges; leaf bases sheathing"	"Centella {Centella asiatica}"
3	"Leaves sparsely pubescent; involucres inconspicuous; fruits without secondary ridges; leaf bases not sheathing"	"Hydrocotyle {Hydrocotyle javanica}"
4	"Flowers and fruits sessile or subsessile, in dense heads or head-like umbellets; fruits with scales or uncinate hairs, fruit ridges not conspicuous; calyces prominent and persistent"	5
4	"Flowers and fruits pedicellate, sessile, or subsessile, not forming dense heads or head-like umbellets; fruits glabrous, scaly, or pubescent, but without uncinate hairs, ridges prominent or not, winged or not"	6
5	"Flowers in head-like, irregularly compound, few rayed umbellets; fruits with uncinate hairs; leaves neither rigid nor spinose"	"Sanicula {Sanicula elata}"
5	"Flowers in dense bracteate heads; fruits scaly; leaves and involucral bracts rigid and spinose"	Eryngium
6	"Leaves simple with entire margins; narrowly linear to lanceolate or broadly oval to almost orbicular"	Bupleurum
6	"Leaves simple or compound, variously lobed or divided"	7
7	"Plants growing in water or marshes; fruit ridges corky or embedded in a corky pericarp; ridges prominent, not winged"	8
7	"Plants not growing in water or marshes (except Apium); fruit ridges various"	11
8	"Fruit ridges hidden in the corky, thickened pericarpl; vittae numerous"	"Berula {Berula erecta}"
8	"All or some fruit ridges prominent, corky; furrows with 1 vitta each"	9
9	"Lateral fruit ridges broad, corky, dorsal and intermediate ridges not promiment; calyx teeth prominent"	"Oenanthe {Oenanthe javanica}"
9	"All fruit ridges corky and prominent; calyx teeth absent or minute"	10
10	"Calyx teeth absent; involucral bracts present"	"Sium {Sium latijugum}"
10	"Calyx teeth minute; involucral bracts absent"	"Cicuta {Cicuta virosa}"
11	"Fruits with all or some ridges spongy, vesiculae, winged, wavy or transversely folded; fruit surfaces not hairy"	12
11	"Fruit ridges prominent or not, winged or not; fruits glabrous or variously ornamented"	16
12	"Fruit ridges not winged, corky, transversely folded; roots tuberous; pericarp spongy, with 1 vitta under each furrow, numerous vittae associated with the ridges"	"Ormopterum {Ormopterum tuberosum}"
12	"Fruit ridges winged, wavy or transversely folded;roots not tuberous; pericarp spongy or not, with or without tubercles"	13
13	"Fruits walls without tubercles; bracts of the involucels well developed"	14
13	"Fruit walls without tubercles; bracts of the involucels minute"	15
14	"Bracts of the involucelspinnate, green, without white margins"	Trachydium
14	"Bracts of the involucels pinnate or entire, broadly white margined"	Pleurospermum
15	"Fruit walls spongy; seeds sulcate on inner surface"	Prangos
15	"Fruit walls not spongy; seeds flat on inner surface"	"Stewartiella {Stewartiella baluchistanica}"
16	"Fruits strongly dorsally compressed; lateral ridges broadly to narrowly winged"	17
16	"Fruits compressed to terete; lateral ridges not winged, inconspicuous to prominent"	29
17	"Fruits with broadly winged, tumid lateral ridges"	18
17	"Fruits with narrowly to broadly winged but not tumid ridges"	19
18	"Calyx teeth minute; winged fruit margin continuous with the seeds"	Ducrosia
18	"Calyx teeth prominent; winged fruit margins separated from the seeds by a hyaline area"	Zosima
19	"Umbels simple, racemosely arranged"	Dorema
19	"Umbels compound"	20
20	"Inflorescences branched; central umbels sessile or shortly pedunculates"	21
20	"Inflorescences not branched; usually all umbels pedunculate (sometimes sessile in Cortia and Apium)"	22
21	"Fruits glabrous"	Ferula
21	"Fruits pubescent"	"Schumannia {Schumannia karelinii}"
22	"Vittae extending and 2/3 the length of the seeds, linear or club-shapped; petals radiate"	Heracleum
22	"Vittae extending to the base of the fruit; petals radiate or not"	23
23	"Dorsal and intermediate fruit ridges very prominent to narrowly winged; fruits glabrous, pubescent, villous, or spiny"	24
23	"Dorsal and intermediate fruit ridges not prominent but at least the lateral ridges winged; fruits glabrous or pubescent, never villous or spiny"	28
24	"Fruits 6-12 mm longl wings of the lateral ridges separate at the margins"	Angelica
24	"Fruits not more than 6 mm long; wings of the lateral ridges closely appressed at the margins"	25
25	"Dorsal furrows of the fruits with 2-4 vittae; bracts and bractlets not divided"	Ligusticum
25	"Dorsal furrows of the fruits with 1 vitta each; bracts and bractlets divided or not"	26
26	"Flowers yellow; plants annual"	"Anethum {Anethum graveolens}"
26	"Flowers white to purple; plants perennial"	27
27	"Leaf bases not fibrous; umbels sessile or pedunculate; rays not conferted; calyx teeth prominent"	Cortia
27	"Leaf bases usually fibrous; umbels pedunculate; rays conferted; calyx teeth prominent or not"	Selinum
28	"Plants shrubby, many stemmed from the base"	Platytaenia
28	"Plantsusually not shrubby, usually only 1-stemmed at the base"	Peucedanum
29	"Fruits spiny or not; lateral ridges of the fruits conspicuous"	30
29	"Fruits always spiny; lateral ridges of the fruits on the commisural surface or obsolete"	56
30	"Secondary ridges of fruits well developed; fruits spinym setulose, to bristly or pilose to hispid"	31
30	"Secondary ridges of fruits not developed; fruits glabrous, pubesent, or setulose"	34
31	"Plants annual; fruits spiny to hispid or setulose"	32
31	"Plants perennial; fruits spiny to bristly"	33
32	"Fruits 4-6 mm long, setulose or pilose; calyx teeth long-linear"	Cuminum
32	"Fruits 1-2.5 mm long, pilose to hispid; calyx teeth obsolete"	Psammogeton
33	"Involucral bracts divided; inner seed faces plane"	"Daucus {Daucus carota}"
33	"Involucral bracts not divided; inner seed surfaces sulcate"	Torilis
34	"Plants 5-30 cm tall, with reduced stems; fruits glabrous, oval to oblong; involucral bracts pinnately divided"	"Schultzia {Schultzia dissecta}"
34	"Plants usally taller, with well-developed stems; fruits often with hairs or other ornamentation and variously shaped; involucral bracts divided or not"	35
35	"Fruits oval to ovoid, rarely cylindrical, not more than 3 times  longer than wide; inner surfaces of the seeds grooved or not"	36
35	"Fruits lineat to cylindrical or ellipsoid, lengths more than 4 times their width; inner surfaces of the seeds grooved"	51
36	"Roots tuberous to fusiform"	37
36	"Roots neither tuberous nor fusiform"	38
37	"Fruits sub-didymous; ridges thin or inconspicuous; inner surfaces of seeds concave, usually with 2 grooves"	Scaligeria
37	"Fruits ovoid to oblong or cylindrical; ridges prominent; inner surfaces of seeds flat to slightly concave"	Bunium
38	"Fruits pubescent to pilose, hispid, or muricate"	39
38	"Fruits glabrous or scaly"	42
39	"Fruits muricate with T-shaped or clavate hairs"	Trachyspermum
39	"Fruts hispid or pubescent"	40
40	"Fruits strongly laterally compressed; furrows with 2-3 vittae"	Pimpinella
40	"Fruits slightly laterally compressed or subterete to dorsally compressed; furrows with 1 vitta each"	41
41	"Plants perennial; rays 2-10; fruits slightly laterally compressed"	Eriocycla
41	"Plants annual or perennial; rays 10-50; fruits sub-terete to dorsally compressed"	Seseli
42	"Vittae in fruit furrows obscure"	43
42	"Vittae in fruit furrows evident"	44
43	"Fruits broadly ovoid to sub-orbiculate, glabrous; inner surface of seeds concave"	"Coriandrum {Coriandrum sativum}"
43	"Fruits broadly ovoid to oblong, glabrous or scaly; inner surface of seeds flat"	Aegopodium
44	"Flowers yellow; fruit furrows with 1 vitta each; plants perennial; leaf segments filiform"	"Foeniculum {Foeniculum vulgare}"
44	"Flowers white to pinkish or greenish-yellow; fruit furrows with 1 to many vittae each; plants annual or perennial; leaf segments filiform to oval"	45
45	"Fruit furrows with 1 vitta each"	46
45	"Fruit furrows with 1 -many vittae each"	49
46	"Fruits oblong, 3-4 mm long; fruiting pedicels very unequal"	"Carum {Carum carvi}"
46	"Fruits oblong to sub-globose, 1-3 mm long; fruiting pedicels more or less equal"	47
47	"Fruits oblong to oval; rays up to 50; involucral bracts divided"	Ammi
47	"Fruits broadly oval to sub-orbicular; rays up to 20; involucral bracts entire or absent"	48
48	"Peduncles lacking or nor more than 1 cm long; involucral bracts absent; rays 1-10; fruits about 1 mm long"	Apium
48	"Peduncles 3-15 cm long; involucral bracts 1-3 or absent; rays 3-20; fruits about 3 mm long"	"Petroselinum {Petroselinum crispum}"
49	"Inner surfaces of seeds plane to slightly concave; fruit with 2-4 vittae in the furrows"	Pimpinella
49	"Inner surfaces of seeds grooved or deeply sulcate; fruits with 2-5 or numerous minute vittae in the furrows"	50
50	"Fruits oblong to ovoid; furrows with 2-5 vittae; plants 5-30 cm tall"	Vicatia
50	"Fruits broadly ovoid; furrows with numerous minute vittae; plants 100-300 cm tall"	"Conium {Conium maculatum}"
51	"Plants annual; leaf segments filiform to linear; fruits 10-35 mm long, hispid to setulose, with elongated beaks"	Scandix
51	"Plants perennial; leaf segments linear to oval; fruits 4-15 mm long, glabrous or pubescent to hispid"	52
52	"Fruits glabrous, narrowed at the top"	Chaerophyllum
52	"Fruits glabrate, pubescent, pilose, or hispid"	53
53	"Fruits to 15 mm long, hispid all over the surface; leaf segments not spiny even when linear, often oval; all flowers in an umbellet alike"	54
53	"Fruits 5-10 mm long, pubescent to pilose; leaf segments spiny, linear; umbellets with a central pistillate or bisexual flower surrounded by staminate flowers"	55
54	"Fruits covered with appressed hairs; leaves large, with oval segments"	"Osmorhiza {Osmorhiza aristata}"
54	"Fruits dark hispid, rarely glabrate; leaves with linear to oval segments"	"Anthriscus {Anthriscus nemorosa}"
55	"Fruits pilose, note located in depressions of the receptacles"	"Pycnocycla {Pycnocycla aucheriana}"
55	"Fruits finely pubescent, in depressions of the receptacles"	"Echinophora {Echinophora scabra}"
56	"Lateral ridges on the commisural surfaces with 1 row of spines, the dorsal and intermediate ridges with 2-3 rows of spines"	"Turgenia {Turgenia latifolia}"
56	"Lateral ridges of the fruits inconspicuous, the dorsal and intermediate ridges with 2-3 spines each"	"Lisaea {Lisaea heterocarpa}"