1	"Flower heads sessile or nearly so; ray florets 0.2–2.5 mm long"	2
1	"Flower heads distinctly pedunculate; ray florets usually more than 2.5 mm long"	3
2	"Achenes densely hairy with short hairs; awns spreading"	"Calotis hispidula"
2	"Achenes sparsely hairy to nearly glabrous; awns more or less erect"	"Calotis squamigera"
3	"Achenes with distinct scales as well as awns (or rarely scales without awns)"	4
3	"Achenes with awns or bristles only, lacking scales"	7
4	"Achene scales tightly inrolled at the apex; leaves auriculate"	"Calotis cuneifolia"
4	"Achene scales flat or curved, not inrolled; leaves auriculate or not"	5
5	"Achene usually with 2 scales and 2 awns; involucral bracts 2–4 mm wide"	"Calotis dentex"
5	"Achene with 4–6 scales and 4–6 awns; involucral bracts less than 2 mm wide"	6
6	"Rays white or mauve; leaves cuneate to oblong, auriculate"	"Calotis xanthosioidea"
6	"Rays yellow; leaves oblanceolate to linear, not auriculate"	"Calotis hispidula"
7	"Achenes distinctly winged (wings extending from lateral margins)"	8
7	"Achenes not winged"	11
8	"Achene wings broad and spreading at the base forming a broad anchor-shape; major awns 15–25"	"Calotis ancyrocarpa"
8	"Achenes cuneate, not broadly anchor-shaped, major awns 6–15"	9
9	"Mature heads woolly; achenes densely covered with long white silky hairs obscuring the surface; awns soft"	"Calotis plumulifera"
9	"Mature heads not woolly; achene hairs not completely obscuring the surface; awns stiff"	10
10	"Rays mauve or blue; mature achenes with flat wings that are truncate at the apex (southern Queensland)"	"Calotis porphyroglossa"
10	"Rays white; mature achenes with inflated wings tapered at the apex (northern Queensland)"	"Calotis breviseta"
11	"Plants stoloniferous, with a distinct basal cluster of leaves"	12
11	"Plants not stoloniferous; leaves mostly cauline"	14
12	"Leaves moderately hairy and coarsely toothed; achenes completely smooth with thick margins, awns usually shorter than the achene body"	"Calotis scabiosifolia var. scabiosifolia"
12	"Leaves sparsely hairy or glabrous, toothed or not; achenes tuberculate to almost smooth, with thin margins, the major awns longer than the body"	13
13	"Basal leaves entire or sparsely toothed, less than 1 cm wide, glabrous or almost so; ray ligules to 5 mm long"	"Calotis scapigera"
13	"Basal leaves coarsely toothed and usually more than 1 cm wide, sparsely to moderately hairy; ray ligules more than 5 mm long"	"Calotis cuneata"
14	"Achenes with 12–15 soft flexible bristles 10–15 mm long with spreading hairs (not barbed); rays purple or blue"	"Calotis inermis"
14	"Achenes with 2–9 rigid awns (additional smaller awns may be present); awns with retrorse barbs at least distally; rays yellow, white or mauve"	15
15	"Heads subsessile, the peduncles less than 0.7 cm long"	"Calotis hispidula"
15	"Heads distinctly pedunculate, nearly all peduncles more than 1 cm long"	16
16	"Achenes with only 2 major awns and many small ones less than 0.5 mm long; body of achene longer than wide"	17
16	"Achenes with several major awns, smaller awns also present; body of achene more or less as wide as long"	18
17	"Fruiting heads 10–13 mm diameter, hemispherical; involucral bracts straw coloured, at least 1 mm wide and forming a stiff disc"	"Calotis suffruticosa"
17	"Fruiting heads 3–10 mm diameter, spherical; involucral bracts green, less than 0.7 mm wide and reflexed"	"Calotis lappulacea"
18	"Rays white; achenes with awns not joined at the base; small plants less than 20 cm high"	"Calotis glabrescens"
18	"Rays yellow; achenes with awns distinctly joined at the base; plants robust, more than 20 cm high"	19
19	"Leaves glabrous; flower heads 1.5–1.7 cm diameter"	"Calotis erinacea"
19	"Leaves septate hairy; flower heads less than 1.5 cm diameter"	"Calotis latiuscula"