1 "Mature plant reproducing by spores borne on the undersides of fronds or in the axils of modified leaves or scales, sometimes aggregated into cone-like strobili" "Ferns and allies" 1 "Mature plant reproducing by seeds formed following fertilization of ovary by pollen" 2 2 "Plants with flowers; ovules enclosed within carpel(s); leaves simple or compound" ANGIOSPERMS 2 "Plants usually without flowers; ovules naked on scales typically aggregated into woody or fleshy cones" 3 3 "Leaves pinnate, spirally arranged" Cycads 3 "Leaves simple (sometimes very small)" Conifers