| 1 |
Lianes or scandent shrubs |
2 |
| 1 |
Non-scandent shrubs or trees |
8 |
| 2 |
Climbing by recurved thorns; fruit a drupe |
3 |
| 2 |
Without recurved thorns; fruit drupaceous or dry |
4 |
| 3 |
Thorns stipular; leaves obliquely obtuse, triplinerved |
Ziziphus |
| 3 |
Thorns ramal; leaves symmetrically cuneate, penninerved |
Sageretia |
| 4 |
Leaves ovate-cordate |
5 |
| 4 |
Leaves ovate to elliptic, cuneate |
6 |
| 5 |
Fruit a 3-winged schizocarp; leaves and stems pubescent |
Gouania |
| 5 |
Fruit a globular capsule; leaves and stems almost glabrous |
Colubrina |
| 6 |
Style flattened, accrescent, sparsely to densely pubescent; fruit a samara |
Ventilago |
| 6 |
Style terete, not accrescent, glabrous; fruit a drupe |
7 |
| 7 |
Carpels 2; drupe narrow-ellipsoid |
Rhamnella |
| 8 |
Leaves (or cladodes) opposite |
9 |
| 8 |
Leaves alternate |
10 |
| 9 |
Spiny, often leafless shrub; flowers in axillary clusters; bracts small |
Discaria |
| 9 |
Leafy shrub; flowers in pendent, terminal heads surrounded by an involucre of large coloured bracts |
Siegfriedia |
| 10 |
Leaves more than 30 mm long, glabrous or almost so beneath or, if hairy, then fruit a drupe |
11 |
| 10 |
Leaves usually less than 30 mm long, if longer then densely simple-or stellate-pubescent at least below; fruit a capsule |
17 |
| 11 |
Leaves triplinerved, oblique |
Ziziphus |
| 11 |
Leaves penninerved, symmetric |
12 |
| 12 |
Leaves linear to narrowly ovate; fruit a samara |
23 |
| 12 |
Leaves ovate to elliptic; fruit a capsule or drupe |
13 |
| 13 |
Disc margin pilose with long, flexuose hairs; fruits borne on fleshy, thickened infructescence axes |
Hovenia |
| 13 |
Disc glabrous; infructescence axes not thickened |
14 |
| 14 |
Rainforest trees |
15 |
| 14 |
Temperate introduced shrubs |
16 |
| 15 |
Disc lining the hypanthium; seed red to orange, persistent on the pedicel after the capsule walls have fallen away |
Emmenosperma |
| 15 |
Disc a narrow rim around the ovary; seed pale grey, not persistent on the pedicel |
30 |
| 16 |
Flowers monoecious, in short, stout, axillary racemes |
Rhamnus |
| 16 |
Flowers bisexual, in open cymose panicles |
Noltea |
| 16 |
Flowers trisexual, in vases |
Neonoltea |
| 17 |
Flowers without a tube; sepals wide-spreading at anthesis |
18 |
| 17 |
Flowers with a distinct (though sometimes very short) tube; if apparently without a tube then sepals incurved to erect at anthesis |
21 |
| 18 |
Disc prominent, smooth, filling the hypanthium |
19 |
| 18 |
Disc obscure or, if prominent, then not entirely filling the hypanthium |
20 |
| 19 |
Trees, non-spinescent; leaves more than 50 mm long |
Alphitonia |
| 19 |
Low, spinescent shrub; leaves less than 15 mm long |
Granitites |
| 20 |
Pyrenes indehiscent; stamens incurved, enclosed at first by the hooded petals |
Trymalium |
| 20 |
Pyrenes dehiscent (usually by a window on the inner face); stamens +/-straight, not hooded by the petals |
Pomaderris |
| 21 |
Disc hairy |
Cryptandra |
| 21 |
Disc glabrous |
22 |
| 22 |
Flowers in dense heads subtended by broad, persistent, prominent bracts, often with whitish floral leaves |
23 |
| 22 |
Flowers not in dense heads; bracts small, persistent or scarious; floral leaves absent |
24 |
| 23 |
Disc prominent, at the summit of the hypanthium tube, indented adjacent to the stamens; pyrenes indehiscent, usually thin-walled |
Spyridium |
| 23 |
Disc often obscure, lining the hypanthium tube and confluent with the staminal filaments; pyrenes dehiscent |
Stenanthemum |
| 24 |
Flowers long-pedicellate, quite glabrous |
25 |
| 25 |
Style distinctly papillose in middle portion |
Papistylus |
| 25 |
Style not distinctly papillose in middle portion |
Blackallia |
| 24 |
Flowers short-pedicellate or sessile, pubescent or pilose |
26 |
| 26 |
Disc at the summit of the hypanthium tube; pyrenes indehiscent, usually thin-walled |
Spyridium |
| 26 |
Disc forming a ring around the ovary at the base of the hypanthium tube; pyrenes dehiscent |
8 |
| 27 |
Flowers and leaves densely stellate-hairy |
Polianthion |
| 27 |
Flowers and leaves simple-pubescent or pilose |
Serichonus |
